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Aj Anime

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Aj[V > Aj Animation> Animation

{Aj[Vp\fiwB In this section consists of animated footage using a point to work.

Index

[ W ] ` definition

uAjvAuAj[VvB "Animation", "animation" is an abbreviation for. A{uAjvAj[VwA{Ouanimev{Aj[VwB However, in Japan, "anime" refers to all animation, a non-Japanese "anime" and it refers to Japanese animation. uAj[VianimationjvuAjianimejv{B "The animation (animation)" and "animation (anime)" and called for brevity is alone in Japan. AanimationPeAeanimeoB First of all, animation, in the words e is not included in the letter, so the Latin letters on the anime and can not be omitted.

{uAjvPuAj[VvAWB The Japanese "anime" simply the word "animation" is the abbreviation of words came as the country of manufacture does not matter. A AJOfBYj[f{PufBYj[AjvAfBYj[FG{mxCY[1] B For example, the United States of the Disney movie is produced only in Japan, "Disney Animation", the official Disney picture books andTTA NOBERAIZU version is also [1].

{OuanimationvuanimevAuanimationvAj[VwAuanimev{ZAj[ViAiwB Outside Japan in the "animation" and "anime" and does not omit, "animation" refers to all animation, "anime" If you say the Japanese animation film produced in the cell, or those with a similar style The work often refers to. umangai}KjvA}A{ZAjS`B "Manga (comic books)", is not limited to paper, often in general synonymity Japanese language cells animation.

{{pZAjB In this section were produced in Japan, especially for commercial cell animation to explain. WAeQB Genre according to a separate section, so also see their own terms.

[ W ] AjW anime genre

[ W ] } by media

B . Nl}XoB in recent years by a variety of people and the media have appeared.

[ W ] w another layer of target

[ W ] WE genre to another subject

[ W ] {AjCOAj[Vi Japanese anime animation, and the difference between overseas

wSrAgxAAjLN^[ObYsVXe`B From the Age of Astro Boy, a cartoon character of goods produced by its own funds to carry out recovery system was formed. SrAgAfBYj[Aj^A{AjfBYj[B Astro Boy creator Osamu Tezuka, the sale of Disney's animation strategy is said to be mimicked, and that of Disney's animation in a different way to go.

AfBYj[AjASEzNwqAsmVXeAXg[[AHvB Hyundai, Disney animation and production costs soaring, and the entire world rationed in the age group most confusion in the audience, grossing as much as possible to ensure that the system is that even with a neutral subject of stories and No complaints from any device that dare to come has been getting a lot of things.

{AfBYj[AjlB On the other hand, in Japan, such as animation giant Disney did not exist. AjX^WIiAAAIA}AAAjiB Many works of the animation studio that created competition for the writer of thin, strong, unique, frivolity, such as bland, and numerous types of animated feature was born. lA\Z_A__iOX^btjB Still just a small, low-budget production that will not change, which was also shortcomings and point the weapon has not changed (many of the staff as an exception in the case of original pictures and videos).

[ W ] uAjv "cartoon" The enactment of the word

{uAj[VvuAjvpAu f vPu vB In the original Japanese "animation" "Animation" not very often used the word "cartoon film" or simply "video" was called.

Aj[VfEpAuAjvyB The word animation movie industry jargon, that stands for "Animation" and the word did not spread to the general public.

erAj[VgAu er vgB Animated shows on TV will be broadcasting the "TV cartoon" and the word was used. erAjguSrAgvA{uer}Kv\LgB The first is the TV show "Astro Boy", at the time of this broadcast "TV cartoon" with a notation. NSuAjvu vB Because of this century? Mature Even now, "anime" to "Manga" has been called.

uAjvpgpA G w^fx 1965N 7B "Animation" the use of the term period of the first examples, a magazine for a small movie in 1965 appears in the July issue. GfGB However, this magazine for the video magazine was produced. w^fxA1965N6uAj[VvgpAfEuAjvIB The small film, however, until the June 1965 issue of a "animation" using the words and images from around the industry in this "cartoon" and the word began to general said.

uAjv^CgpA 1968N A G{V[YuAj[gGbvB For the public, "anime" using the word in the title is the first example, in 1968, book in the series name of "animated masterpiece painting" The word appears. Aanimation`animate{AuAj[VvB But this, animation to animate the Japanese verb form is to read it, "animation" is not short.

1969NJAj[VfwxAuAj}vpB 1969 animated movie released, a Thousand and One Nights, "Animation Lama," using the word. AAj[Vh}B This language is the synthesis of animation and drama. Aj}V[YA1973NJ3B Lama and animated series, published in 1973, lasted until the third film.

PuAjvp^CgA 1975N A |vG{V[YuerAjvB Just "cartoon" with the word first title of the book, in 1975, POPURA picture book series "TV classic animation theater," he said.

N{Aj[VnAgATAerAjgAuAj[Vv\B In the same year, the Japanese animation has been created, although it only produced the show, weekly, in the animated TV show, as part of the company name "animation" is the word that came to see.

1978NGw Aj[W xsnANuAjvAjGAAj}yA1980NuervuvgpB In 1978, the magazine Animage the beginning of the publication, the magazine names in the next few years, "Animation", including anime magazine will be published in a series, animation and the word spread rapidly, and the border around 1980 "TV Cartoons, "" video "Most of the word no longer used. A 2008NAj\ORs[VEAo^CguervgpB However, in 2008, but now anime song compilation album and the title of "TV cartoon" The word is used an example.

[ W ] OuAjv in a foreign language, "anime"

{AjinBAWALlB Post-war Japanese animated feature in the other regions of the mainstream of development in different directions, and the results of a major development has clearly reached a unique style. {{g{AjhA{Oanime iAjjanimation iAj[VjB These are made in Japan or Japanese-style "Japanese Animation", particularly in the non-anime (animated) and the other is called animation (animation) and may be distinguished. AANIMEMANGA{opAanimationAjanimetAApAwu`B In the United States, ANIME MANGA same as that used in a sense the Japanese, animation anime and anime is one of the few words reverse imports, and also because of cultural terms, as the subject of university lectures.

pP animation anime iejB The word in the English words for short animation and anime does not (e originally a character that does not exist). Ap anime Aanimation A{ROlB Because of this, in English, anime, animation stands, and Japan is derived from foreign languages are considered. Aanime uGCjvuAj[vpRAanimeuAjvAORB In addition, anime called pads, "EINIMU" or "ANIMU" to read as a more natural English, anime and TSUDZU"anime" and read it, is the reason why foreign language and will be considered. animation`panimatetXanimerijpAjaniméiAjihrbV[sAmu f v3u[}mouvementijv`e|wugUjtrès animéijv\LjAApAjaniméAtXRlAMB English, the verb form of animation to animate the French meaning animer (move) to take advantage of animation and its past participle animé (movement, was paramount) to get in the way spelling (for example, Debussy's piano music "video" third Songs "MUVUMAN mouvement (movement)" to instruct the tempo of the opening of the "TOREZANIME très animé (very moving)" is the notation), and even in EnglishRA often, and the animé animation, it is derived from French and There was, too modern to believe this is not a theory. pOApAo`B In a language other than English-speaking, English is more in the form of export were introduced. tXAj[VfTijfr:dessin animéA{RAjPAjfr:animeB In France, video animation DESANNANIME fr: dessin animé called, especially from the Japanese anime cartoons just fr: anime called.

1975NAAJOprfIfbLA1976N2Aenferg^nB At the end of 1975, the United States for home use in the VCR will be released in February 1976, was broadcast on local television show and recording began on each other. 1977NsT[NJnB In 1977 the professional activities of this kind of activity has started to circle. tbhEpbe(Fred Patten)A_i1977Nj{{bgAjwanimepB Fred Patten (Fred Patten), according to this point (at 1977), the Japanese-made robot anime cartoons as a term referring to the word was used. ADBpALB However, this language-loving argot or jargon of those close to not spread to the general public.

1991NAJOThe Society for the Promotion of Japanese Animation iSPJAjA1992NNu Anime Expo vJAanime}yB In 1991 in USA The Society for the Promotion of Japanese Animation (abbreviated SPJA) inaugurated the next day in 1992 from the annual "Anime Expo" to the event will be held, anime has spread fast word.

[ W ] Wpj[V Japanimation

animepu Wpj[V ( Japanimation )vB In addition to the term anime "Japanimation (Japanimation)" is a call. p1970-1980NkgB This year's 1970-1980 term was commonly used in North America. tA{kEK\KA{IEIE\IV[JbgAqnbAAJlWswiB At that time the word was born in Japan and North America, and represented the difference between the culture of regulation habit issues, a Japanese-cut scenes of sexual violence and for children as a long-term story abstruse And a story can be completed, the American editor of the background was done by hand there. ]AW{iAWpj[Vl[3] B In turn, was appointed to edit their own work only, and some people are classified as Japanimation [3].

Agi65bKvA{igsB Also, in some airtime on the same work was needed for at least 65 stories, but Japan'sWASERUBEKU a combination of several works that it was satisfied. n[j[S[hA3iWAw {ebN xV[YdB The company's Harmony Gold, for example, three separate editorial work, and the Robotech: a feature-length series, are tailored to them. iAArI\I`cAGAlB The film, the original story is the same way, a lot of relatively violence has left a complicated story, the result has won many viewers. AAoAD]B In that state, was also re-export to other countries, which are gaining popularity. qbgA{Aj]B The success of the original cartoon was made in Japan with an opportunity to evaluate.

AWpj[VP{Aj[ViAeA{{luvuvAAj[VuvA{qAj[VwuvAuqvjAXAtgB However, the Japanimation simply means Japanese animation, but mainly the parent generation, but for Japan and the Japanese culture of "discrimination" "prejudice" and the animation itself to the "prejudice" from Japan Animation made for children, pointing to the "futility", or "bad things on the education of children" with a touch of nuance, and this was to use the word theory. I japan-animation i anJAEj Japanimation A Jap i{lj AnimationB Japan-animation from the syllable (an syllable is repeated, and one dropped out) Japanimation only to have been abbreviated, Jap (derogatory term for Japanese) can be read and Animation.

Aanime [4] A{yAj[V^t@iOTAKUj[5] A JapanimationgB In the modern, anime is settled in [4], without prejudice to Japan and the generation of animation fans and serious (OTAKU) is also due to [5], Japanimation is used to have almost disappeared. AAj[VAICVbv[6]AvgpB However, the animation-related online store's name [6], such as pejorative and consciousness does not have a bias and also to be used.

{A}XR~t@AuCO{AjviL`jAjgA{gB In Japan, some of the fans and the media, "in foreign countries are watching the Japanese anime" in the sense that (in the broad definition) to distinguish it from anime, or Japanese sense of cultural pride as a way to use If he said. ukAw AKIRA xw Uk@ xCOlCAuWpj[VvpIgB Kodansha, the AKIRA, The Ghost in the Shell overseas, as well as popular, "Japanimation" to a strategic use of the term.

{AjAjS Name for Japanese animation and anime in general
{Aj Japanese Animation AjS General Animation
{ Japanese {AjWpj[V Japan ANIMEJAPANIMESHON AjAj[V Cartoon animation
p English anime
japanimationiHj japanimation (now rarely) 		animation

uAjvAjSwAuanimev{AjwB "anime" animation, while the overall point, "anime" refers to a Japanese anime.

[ W ] AjAo Exports of Animation

AjjQ For details, the history of animation see

AjA1963N{OAoB Animation is very early in 1963 was exported to Japan from abroad. AoAjwSrAgxA{Jn8A AJONBCnB Exports were the first Astro Boy animation, started broadcasting in Japan after eight months, and the U.S. NBC affiliate broadcast stations. AJkAoAAozkB After this, exports to the United States and North America continued, and a majority in the amount of exports in North America are said to account for.

A1970NkAWAA AWAAjB In addition, most of the 1970s is no time difference Northeast Asia, Southeast Asia, a region aired in the anime. Aj{e\AI\OIrXB But the influence of Japanese culture, anime and strong language, sexual expression is an indication of things to thoroughly eliminate the trend. 1980NAAWAI\A{I\eA]B In the 1980s, the Southeast Asian region, except in the sex representation, representation of Japanese culture is also being receptive, and has been re-evaluated. DAj{Aw h xIB Japanese anime and much prefer the flat, and the robot's even said to be educational.

kAWAAAWAAjAoA{Aj^]B But in this era of Northeast Asia, Southeast Asia's exports to the anime, animation in Japan, much of globalization have contributed to the rating did not say. A ` A ^C A p1Tx{AjAIkB In the present, Hong Kong, Thailand, Taiwan and most of the time difference of about one week in the Japanese anime is broadcast on TV is the cultural distance is shortened.

[bpAo1970NJnB Exports to Europe was started in the 1970s. AjZAAoAEenLB Animation production costs in order to recover quickly, cheaply and export to many countries taken strategy to sell the broadcast to spread around the world. AkA A [bp A AWA A AWA A VA A I[XgAnSELB At present, North America, South America, Europe, South Asia, East Asia, Russia, Australia and other regional broadcasting is spreading throughout the world. eiWvASIvB Each piece is calculated on the basis, but as a whole and the specific statistics are not taken.

AoAesB In the export markets, a major modification of the contents are often held. \IV[A{COB The violent reaction on the scene, a violent reaction from abroad are often rejected. A{xAX^btAeA{mB In addition, it is made in Japan to be cautious in our name has been removed or defaced by the wind and other countries have been broadcast, viewers in question are made in Japan and are often strangers.

AjErILnA{ioiwhxjAiwxTCxjAB Animals are animated classics and the world in a relatively large area are accepted, get a view of life in Japan (such as the Doraemon), and dealing with specific countries (such as the Rose of Versailles), Whether or not to accept vary greatly from country to country. AOowhxl{bgbAAWAD]Aq[[IjkAB As cultural differences, the previous Doraemon's help robots lazy to heroine of the story, and a good reputation in Asia, the so-called male-oriented hero that was not accepted in North America, has not been broadcast . tAw d}V[{eXV xA{IlCiB Conversely, the super-magnetic MASHINBORUTESU V, like Japan in a particular country to more than just popular works explode as well. AknI`K{AiAXoB In addition, in some areas, such as North America, sexual content if the regulations are lax than in Japan, the United States to work for the illegal sale and distribution to stores in the country there is little problem.

AWAK_eriAetDVDAB East Asia is a regular on television broadcasts of the contract is based on the works, but with permission of the local language subtitles DVD is created and distributed, and the problem is. At@Tuf[^A@SEit@TuqjB Also, fans of the data created by the sub-activities, the illegal distribution all over the world are in the (sub for the fans below).

[ W ] CO] The major rating abroad

{AjOqAfBYj[iO\IEIV[iAAJAjw Happy Tree Friends xijB As mentioned earlier, Japanese animation, Disney used to work in foreign countries, including scenes of sexual violence in order to be criticized for many (but, in fact, even in America's production of the animated Happy Tree Friends like The work is.) AAjoLN^[epcA cDwEA j[W[hOVAw x{@wB In addition, the cartoon character's appearance appeared on the infant looks, sex-loving child who has puffed and is also pointed out, New Zealand, the OVA PUNIPUNI I was beginning Oh, banned by the government agency designated to receive even . A{cDNr|IwEB However, fans in Japan who had a child sex crime in comparison with other countries overwhelmingly have said little. c_A_oB This issue is being discussed now, have been concluded.

tAtXp]_ GxEVfXAAjS{u21IW|jYv]Ae^AiB Conversely, the French art critic SHANDESU Elbe, and the animated Japanese geek culture, "JAPONIZUMU of the 21st century" and called the Western cultural influence of the culture is a big claim , Defended the geek culture.

[ W ] kt@ fan activities in North America

kt@qB In this small item in North America, mainly about the activities of the fans said. {COAj]AAJOMSt@B Will be introduced in Japan in the international assessment of anime, these fervent fans of the United States tend to be reactive and activities. AAJzAoA{Ajt@A]{lANAj]IAAjAoAJAEt@~[iAi]{KvB Of course, America's largest export destination in the amount of money is also a fan of Japanese animation in many countries, but their assessment of Japan as well as the high age of animation for the relatively high rating to be biased, The actual export of anime in the United States is not only the child's family and many works have been broadcast, to evaluate the work of those in the same way as Japan has less need to also pay attention to.

AJ{Ajt@A1976Ner^AjfnJnB American fans of Japanese animation activities in the 1976 animated television recorded by the start of screening was started. 1980NAsAfw AKIRA xi1988Nj1989NEJ[A{NwAjmnB Until the 1980s, such activities have generally been modest, but the movie AKIRA (1988) was published in 1989 that the world's inception, the Japanese anime for higher age groups Has been known to exist. wAKIRAxKJAEen|pnfKfIszAAtAj|piB AKIRA, that's not a large-scale public around the world in the small art-movie theater to make the rounds of screening and distribution system that was taken, the yuan, with other works of art animation That has to be some. AEenqm^A{MIAjt@B And audiences around the world to ensure we have a strong impression, like Japan and enthusiastic to produce anime fans. At@wAOwZiB However, the fan base is limited to some, it spread to the other layers do not go far. Ajt@TCgAAJa}Ajt@mAlbgTB ANIMEFANSAITO of the U.S. Republican politicians know that anime fans, and exult in the fact that the bulk of the net sprayed. tAAjt@IB In other words, not so much anime that fans in general.

{AjpzzA t@TuLsB Animation in Japan was broadcast with subtitles in English, distributed, fan sub-activities that are widely held. ANQB However, this activity with copyright infringement. A{erP2P\tgzzAkAjeOB In addition, the current television broadcasting in Japan shortly after the P2P software will be distributed at state and has operations in North America for animated effects are concerned.

t@TuQ Fansubbing See also

[ W ] {Aj Japanese animated feature

{AjAAAjqB Features of Japanese animation, is closely involved in the process of its enactment, which features first, and continues to give its history.

  • ~ebhAjA1bgGi j8{B Most RIMITEDDOANIME, used pictures per second (video) on the basis of the number of pieces of eight. A1b8gB However, if you move it, and always one of eight second video does not mean to use. AG3BeAAG24BeAflb24R}B In other words, three times the same picture of the shooting, and fewer moves, you shoot the same picture 24 times, so in general the same film frame is 24 seconds. fBYj[Aj\tAjiB Disney Animation will be represented by a full-animated film is small. erAj1bZA~ebhAjpB TV cartoon episode in the consumption of each set of cells, and also from the aspect of such a widely used RIMITEDDOANIME.
  • iAj[^[XAnXB Ward, and their work by animators, however, the sharp movements tend to emphasize strongly.
  • EwiZXN[ipjAJoi J[N jpiuGvAAJGjB Up and down the right and left behind a large scroll painting on the cell (bread), or pro-or off-camera director (camera work) is widely used ( "draw pictures", in fact, fixed at the bottom of the camera and how to painting Pull). AAo}mZpB This saves the number of graphs, and technical director is intended to clarify. Zqp[eBAlogB The main stadium seats and the party crowd, including many gay people to a state that will be used to produce. A~giu~GvjB In addition, still images can be used by itself ( "Stop painting").
  • OgV[SV[JgpA oNVXeZ@pB Sheen previously used the same scene was repeated use of the bank system is a widely used technique. AAerAjOA{bgAjV[A@AjgV[AlV[gB The TV cartoon row synopses in the previous description, the scene of a robot animation combines the magic of animation transformation scene and the girl, also a character used in a scene speak. wiASV`G[VpB Or replace only the background image, use a totally different situation as well.
  • LAAAAZAAjiupNvjpB In the same characters, mouth or eyes, hands, feet and other parts of the cell, then move only partially Animation (generally as well as the mouth, "lip-synching") will be widely used. A~NB Not only save the trouble of making the move in contrast with a still clearer.
  • }KAApB The more common with manga, video, despite a widely used route. WAA}KpB Intensive line,also be used in common with manga. AopDiR~bNWAJAj[VAopjB However, without a voice actor played by balloons (Comic animation from the initial development in the United States, is often used balloons).
  • B At a cheaper cost of production and non-violent difference.
  • elAB With a variety of content, and many writers are high.
  • 130iCMggAf24xjgTfAAerAj`iApiB 1 times 30 minutes (including the CM show that the length of the border, about 24 minutes of actual footage) to broadcast the weekly program, continuous TV animation works that take many forms, the ratio of theatrical works Is low.
  • i Bx\j\i@\AjB Impossible in a live-action film phenomenon (special effects can be a certain amount) can be expressed (magic or supernatural powers, such as cross-space). AtAeB\ZpB On the other hand, close to other live-action technology, lack of representation of reality.
As an example
LN^[iUjA ui\AAj[^[jB Change the orientation of the character's face (round), blinked and (because of the eye is difficult to express the daring move to Real and animators).
VjAole{A\B Young and old alike, most of the characters in the jaw and the side of the so-called grow-shin and a waste of hair that is not represented.
jF[B Men and women of color in the skin of a very extreme difference in brightness.
X|[ciAX|[cp`iStE`jB In sports-themed works, the actual sports broadcast in more than depictions of close-range (for example, golf and baseball pitching and hitting depiction).

[ W ] j History

jA AjjQB For a detailed history, the history of animation to see.

pAjAAerAjgAw SrAg xJn1963N 11{AjnnB Until then, and the animation produced for the theater was the first series of animated TV shows, Astro Boy has started broadcasting on January 1, 1963 and the manner that the founder of Japan's commercial animation is the usual . OjAjjQB For information about the history of the past, the history of animation to see the page.

wAX|T[[gA{eEECOAoErWlXi}[`_CWOAAjgLN^[GiEEq[J[rWlXjB When the original production was directed by Osamu Tezuka, presenting sponsor of the production cost lower than the production contract in the program, can not be recovered as part of its core business re-pay TV cartoon export in the copyright business (Marr CHANDAIJINGU, pictures of cartoon characters in the show's production of products with the right to sell the toy business stationery and confectionery manufacturer) to recover the cost of production by the regime. A{AjrWlXfB This leads to the modern Japanese animation is a business model. AtAj[ViHvZplB Also, in regard to full animation work to enact a number of ways and techniques have been devised.

SrAgD]A1960NAjX^WIAAjg{AB Astro Boy was popular for a number of 1960s animation production studio is founded, to increase the number of animated programs, were subject to a wide-ranging. SrAg{AjAX}oB Astro Boy is the culture of Japanese animation has certainly led the people in the cheaper production costs to be reduced and the situation has created a cause. AAj{xi{xQjB This artist's animation of Hayao Miyazaki has been criticized (for details, Hayao Miyazaki).

erAjA pAjfLe^B The success of TV animation, animated movie theaters for a wider impact. 1960N1970NAerAjWfJArIsB From the 1960s until the 1970s, re-edited TV movie theaters just been published, each earned a relatively good performance. 1980N~AerAjgVGs\[hfJ@B Since the 1980s, during the broadcast of new episodes of the TV cartoon show open to the public as a way to a movie that has been adopted. 2000NA{fAjAjfdB After the 2000 Japanese film can not be done without the cartoon is said to increase the weight of the more animated films. 2002NxA2003Nx{fs10A75AjfB FY 2002 FY 2004, Japan's top 10 grossing films of up to seven between the five was the animated movie.

AjvJ[B Animation production as one of the transformation of the color. SrAgAerAjAJ[eryA 1965NJ[AAjgWOB Astro Boy, including the early black-and-white TV cartoon, but due to the spread of color television, in 1965 the first color cartoon show continuous Kimba the White Lion was created. NergJ[iA1968NSiJ[B A few years later in the same way as any other color television increasing by around 1968, almost all the work to be produced in color.

NvRs[^B As a major transformation in recent years are computerized. AjA`ZV[g]AFABeB Animation for a long time, the cell draws on paper and a transparent sheet called transcription, and then colored by hand on the shooting in order to produce a replacement system. lCpIZpKvArJvB This is a labor-intensive methods and technology is necessary, to compare the broadcast with a great deal of time and effort it took. A`GRs[^Rs[^FEW@ACG`@lB However, the picture drawn on paper into computers in the coloring on the computer to edit the work, and without paper, Illustration from the start to the CG devised a way to draw.

1995NZgpACGAjAw rbgEUEL[sbh xB Do not use a cell in 1995 and the first series of CG animation, a bit the Cupid, was produced. 1997NfSiFRs[^B In 1997, the Toei Animation Co., Ltd. is a computer almost all the work was painted. iAAjRs[^AZB With the exception of some work now, most of the animation production process is computerized, the cell has produced almost disappeared. TVZiIw TUG xB Every cell in the currently producing new works are essentially the SAZAESAN is the only. 3DCGi3Rs[^OtBbNXjgptfW^Aj[VB 3DCG (3-D computer graphics) production FURUDEJITARUANIMESHON use is also growing.

v1983NoOVAB Significant changes in the distribution appeared in 1983 as the OVA said. AerfJOAjArfI\tg`sB The television also aired a theatrical production without precondition and to be in animation and video in the form of software distribution market. prfIfbLyA^rfIXwrfI\tg\orWlXfB Household penetration of VCRs, video rental stores and consumers to buy the proceeds of sales of video software at a cost of only after the recovery of the business model is created as a result. OVA[J[X|T[iArI\RxB In OVA, such as toy manufacturers to sponsor works would be listening to an increase in relative degree of freedom of expression. OVAiA w _X xB The first piece of the OVA, Studio Pierrot's production Dalos's.

OVAerAjEt@~[AN1040xj^[QbgB The television OVA it to the family of animation is like a little child, that the higher age from teenagers to 40-year-old man of charges are often a target. A wwB In other words, your home is a big buyers. Aie}jAbNA{bgxXB Therefore, the contents of the film is a maniac, sex and war, such as robots and the trend is expected to some extent.

OVA\ierB OVA was released as these works may be televised. AerO}jAbNXiB Also, the premise of television and the trend maniac, but made a strong case that also works. AA[P[uerA UHF AqB However, for a limited audience, bands and late-night cable TV, an independent UHF TV stations, satellite tend to be.

[ W ] Aj the current animation

{AjierAjgB Most of the Japanese animated TV cartoon show has become. erAjQB Details of the animated TV paragraph references.

OVAAXOVA6090xA1iAV[YAerAjA24x1Gs\[h{PB OVA and movie without limit of time, the original OVA 90 minutes to 60 minutes in length, the complete volume has been produced as the work of many, but the increase in the number of series, and increasingly the same as TV cartoon As the theme song for about 24 minutes, including one in a number of episodes has been produced in this unit have become mainstream. erAjAerflB Like the TV cartoon, after the television broadcast rights to sell is when you are thinking said. fZ2lXB Short films from a few minutes from two hours to be epic.

AjyEALB Animation is not only the world of entertainment, education and other sectors are also growing. AfhL^[AAjB Once, educational live-action film documentary of the spindle, but is now more animated. 1980NcAjfA1990N~AwxLB For the 1980s was limited to early childhood education in animated films since the 1990s, for junior high school degree spread to. AjAlA[[ALrfILAjgB In addition, history, human rights, tax awareness, public relations, as well as a video animation is used widely. 10-20xiB Most of the work of 10-20 minutes.

1930NAfAjB At the time of the 1930s from the Ministry of Education, as part of educational animated films to encourage production. A1970NAjfAIfB In addition, animated films of the 1970s, the Ministry of Education is a lot of film selection. {{AjA{gDAj]NB This is especially the Japanese government had ignored the animation is not the government's assessment of the organization as a cartoon said to have increased in recent years. A1997NAAjysB This, in 1997, White Paper on education animation at the mention of the reason was that he said.

2004N5AAjA{\tgYEguRec@vQ@{cSvAB In May 2004, including anime and manga, the Japanese software industry to develop the protection of public and private sectors to work together in the "content law" in the upper house plenary session passed unanimously, was established.

A qAjvOB Future, the declining birthrate decreased domestic demand for animation is a concern. NqAjCAl^[QbgAjiiet@~[Aj[jB In recent years, the children's cartoon shows a slight decline slightly, while the adults were the target audience has grown animated feature (such as the contents of the cartoon family also will be broadcast at midnight.)

[ W ] l numbers

AjlIvAB Animation that was just a statistical figure, is clearly not theRA. RNjw{AjSjxASEAj[VgA60%{i{jAR{AjsKA{2000~AO2~3~B Yasuo Yamaguti the complete history of Japanese animation, according to broadcasters around the world will be broadcast in the animation program, 60 percent are made in Japan (Japan-made net is not a means) and say, the Yamaguchi Japanese anime market in Japan 200 billion yen, from 2 trillion yen of the country and an estimated three trillion yen, he said. AerAjAfsA rfI\tg[J[mIYgpAAjB This includes a cost of TV animation, movie theaters and video software sales and toy makers such as royalties from intellectual property rights in the animation production company receives a full minute. R2003N4erAj^Cg81{B According to Yamaguchi's book as of April 2003, the number of 81 TV cartoon book's title. {XA{jB And the increase in the number, this number is the highest in history.

[ W ] Aj Animation and the surrounding culture

AjfEEB Anime other type of culture and visual culture in children's culture is closely involved. tB In particular, a strong bond with the cartoonist. AjfAAjB In the very early designation of animation films and cartoons in the period, and animated cartoons are often confused and does not have the same vision. XcB The trend is still some left. AAjiB In addition, the animated cartoon that the majority of work is original. A{AlCIB In addition, most of the original Japanese manga, it is also a popular film to be selected. AAjeB Meanwhile, the animated cartoon also been affected by the growth came.

A^evmB In addition, the impact of children's culture is immeasurable. A{qAjSNs\B Currently, the Japanese anime-born children have grown up without seeing any of the first adult to grow up even impossible.

_AAje^AeB Of course, animation has had an impact on other cultures, but many of those affected by culture came from that fact. AysAAXAjB For example, some of the toys and entertainment to fashion, comic books, it had been made on the subject, more often been animated. X[p[J[u[w Ov xw ![xJCU[ xw!}V[xAQ[u[w Q[Z^[ xA ~jlu[w _bV!lY xw Zbc&S[!! xB Super-car boom was based on the Grand Prix of the falcon, the ! RUBENKAIZA, the Tobidase! Dragon flying machine, the game's boom in video arcades storm, and four-wheel drive mini-boom in the dash! Lung four-wheel drive, the brothers Bakuso Let's go!, And so on.

[ W ] Aj]E to the criticisms Animation Research

Aj]A 1917NuVEv9fKi]A{Aji]B Criticism about the cartoon, 1917's "the world Masanobu activities," published in the September issue of magazines, JunichiKcriticism to the work of the first animated film in Japan and for the criticism. AAj]u Ll}{ vuf]_vfGv\}AV]`sB Since then, about the criticism of Animation "KINEMA{" "movie reviews" and the movie magazine's leading media and the new product is in the form of criticism. 1950NA{fB In the 1950s, and the Toei Animation Co., Ltd. founded by major capital. N1y[XiIA VfB The pace of work in a one-year full-length works regularly and will be produced, the Asahi Shimbun newspaper and other common fields, but the movie was to be treated. fiB That film was treated in a bind.

1977NRPnw{Aj[VfjxsB In 1977, Yamaguchi andPauthored by Hiroshi Watanabe, Japan's animation film history will be published. QlAs_{Ajj{nmB I also come to be regarded as a reference, and up to the point of issuing a summary of the history of Japanese animation as the basic document has been established. COAj[VA[gAj[V]_A 1966NwAj[VxXB Overseas animation and art reviews for the animation, in 1966, the introductory animation toSHITA Takuya Mori and the picture is left uncultivated and they had their own activities.

A 1963NwSrAgxnerAj[V]A 1970NnAju[B On the other hand, in 1963 and the start of Astro Boy's animation for television and research about the criticism, in the late 1970s boom in animation had to wait begins. Aju[AuervuvA]_erAjiQANGC^[X|bgCgB Boom and the advent of animation, the "TV cartoon" "picture-story show," the review did not affect the work of TV animation group and its creators like to get the spotlight. SAerAjB The leader, was raised by a generation of TV animation. nAjGAlt@ogC^[\B The cartoon was published in the magazine, from long Doujinshi fans who had been working in with the help of writers composed of a magazine. X A SY A G A A awAoCgnA2000N~vC^[B Ryusuke Hikawa, Yuuitirou Oguro, Masahiro Haraguti, Naka Taka, Shinsuke Nakashima work part-time students who started as a professional since the 2000s as a writer is active. uAj[WvNGC^[inIAuAjbNvuOUTvA]_Lei]_B "Animage" Journal of the history of the creators of the works to introduce a systematic effort, "ANIMEKKU" magazine and "OUT" in the initial publication, articles and reviews to readers post reviews of works by the sale of . uNewtypevo1980N~AAjNGC^[}jAILALN^[OrAdB But "Newtype" magazine and later appeared in the mid-1980s, animation and research journals, such as the creators of articles enthusiasts, with an emphasis on character building and gravure shifted. ]SA1998NnuvA1999NnuAj]vA2000Nnu AjX^C vAZIAuAjX^CvC^[lbgwebpB Criticism has centered on research and the magazine, launched in 1998, "Movie King" magazine, launched in 1999, "Animation criticism" magazine, launched in 2000, "anime style" magazine and was an attempt, the Close to a short-lived, "anime style" of the Internet and on the web has to continue. sA}jAbN{AlCilCNGC^[SpIsB On the other hand journals, research of this maniac, the creators of popular works and are popular mainly in the situation continued to be issued.

t@]}AAju[OlB Medium remark by fans of the animated than before the boom there was little magazine. 1980NSAjGeB By the mid-1980s heyday of the magazine's readers posted a cartoon column. 1980N1990NOp\RMdqf A 1990N~C^[lbgB From the mid-1980s until the early 1990s, computer communications electronic bulletin boards, in the mid-1990s and later the Internet. {wikipediaAMSt@MAj[AAjB Japanese version of wikipedia, written by avid fans of animation and other items that are very rich, animated and on one of the major information source.

1998N 10A{AjwpI|u{Aj[VwvB In October 1998, the first Japanese anime and the purpose of academic research, "Japanese Animation Society" was established.

[ W ] NwAjt@w age of high culture, anime fan base

1970NAerAjqgFANAAjDmB Until the early 1970s, the TV cartoon show as part of a child is recognized, even though it is young, only a fond look at anime hobby that has not been known. 1977N8AfwF}gxJOgoAAjDmnB August 1977, the Space Battleship Yamato movie on opening day was set by night, watch anime hobby of choice that has been known to the public. Aw}gxer{i1974NjOlB When these interests from the present study was not about whether the TV broadcasting of the Yamato (1974) did not exist before, and most researchers have thought.

}gqbg_@ANNAjGnAmGR[i[AB In the wake of the hit Yamato, in the next few years the magazine published the cartoons and magazines, among them a taste of the magazine and other correspondence through the corners to stay in touch. Ajt@AA{lB At the time of the hobby is called anime fans, and the self-proclaimed himself to be their primary. AAwEZB Many of these interests, at the time was a junior high school students. OAqAj[VfqbgA1977N~mAjt@IflB Before this, Movie animated movies for kids do not have a hit, but the generations since 1977 and have been known exists a generation of anime fans began to rupture and are believed to have. mAEWiA1980N~AqlB The main contact between a hobby means of information-gathering since the 1980s, and later correspondence from the period of Doujinshi spot and moved to. 1990N~AC^[lbgAEWigB Since the 1990s, the Internet and contact information to be used as a means of collecting.

Ajt@At@w1990N~A AAjDAjI^NiAj^jB These interests and anime fans to watch, or a fan base since the 1990s, nerd, especially the animated cartoon geek-loving nerd (ANIWOTA) is called. t@APAjOVAAObYAIyOyoB And out of these fans, or simply watch anime-related goods to buy and the OVA, as a hobby in general look forward to more fun than a lot of people came to find. \Iu l vB Typical is the "COTERIE magazine" culture. lADAjt@ubNAt@ubNR~bN}[Pbg iR~P jlCxgAlXzEB Doujinshi called his favorite anime fans to book their own interests witnessed a lot of these books is a fan of comic book market (so-called Living) and immediate sale of doujinshi events, and entrusted the sale of Doujinshi Trading will be distributed in stores now. R~bN}[PbgAeQOA1970N~AAjDQIB In particular, the comic book market, and not denied by the participants and for the principles, since the late 1970s, animation fans of the explosive increase in participants.

lAAjq[u }K vlZAlXI^N1990NIA{SlPB The field of doujinshi, animation and deep ties "manga" to merge with the coterie magazine, and various other geek culture that involve late 1990s to the explosive growth in Japan, these Millions of people who have interests in the unit is said to exist. AllIEoAl}[PbgAB As a result, Doujinshi Today, self-publishing and distribution of personal taste beyond the middle of doujinshi culture in itself is considered as one of the commercial market, the situation has become independent. A{uvuYvvfA{iAjjtV}[PbgAjt@noB Thus, the original "consumption" hobby activities should be subject to a "productive" with the addition of the elements of the main interests (animation) incidental to the new market was created by the hands of anime fans. hYA}[PbgWAAjiy}KjOt@B This field is derived not only from their own production and development and to a large market that is the anime (and manga) and other things to taste with fans not to be too much of an example . lA l A R~bN}[PbgQB Journal culture coterie details about the coterie magazine, comic book market to see the items.

AAjoADt@B In addition, the cast of voice actors in animated, that voice is present as well. AjI^NSAMSt@At@CxgDCDB Anime geeks compared to the overall low number of the most ardent fans, those fans of the event and the only voice in the CD and many are planning. AjAeRSADB The animation in ATEREKO not only in charge of the active voice talent as a singer. ijAChDAKRT[gxXJB She (he) were idle voice actor, also known as a large-scale concerts are also often held. DoDVD\tgCDKALCxgKQAgIt@xB The cast of voice talent of these DVD and CD software, you should buy, you pay to participate in the event that a devoted fan is supported by the activities. sAuACht@vB These actions support the so-called "fan of Idol," is the same. DAChY[SB Idol today Thus, even the voice actors are part of industry. WAlxr[u[lB The development of culture in the populous baby boom generation Second was the existence of that.

1990N{c}q A A AChDWDB The 1990s was an active rice field office MARIqChina, to get Shiina, Megumi Hayashibara idle genre of voice actors and voice talent has to be settled.

[ W ] Aj\O Animation Song

AjiAerAjAOVAApAjAB Animation film, television animation, OVA, regardless of theatrical animation, most have a theme song. A}A{gC[W\OB The theme song of the insert is made in addition to, or use any image in this column and the song can be made. yTEhgbN iTgjB The majority of these songs when the soundtrack (Soundtrack) will be sold as a panel. Aj\O iAj\jQierAjQ jB For more information Animation Song (Anison) to see (on TV and see this section). AiEh}CDC[WAoAB In addition, according to the World Title Series CD and record images and sound to produce more, many examples.

[ W ] e` for various forms Instrument Production

X^[`Ch(LOR[h)WFlIG^eCg A rN^[G^eCgR[hAfeiTEhgbNjOsi \j[~[WbNO[vAjvbNXA GCxbNXO[vavex modeA[xjAVIRrA~[WbNG^eCgNLeBXeOANqOASii erAjjB Star Child (King Records) and Geneon, Victor Entertainment and other major record companies in a variety of video and sound (theme song and soundtrack) and produced its own or in bulk (Sony Music Group Aniplex and Avex Group avex mode as a professional label is the example set), the long-established presence KOROMUBIAMYUJIKKUENTATEINMENTO and in recent years has stretched the force Lantis various instruments such as the production is devoted to For example, but in recent years, the bulk of production in the previous system take its own company, and other instruments to produce images that are increasingly sharing (TV Animation is a noticeable).

[ W ] TCg The official site

C^[lbgyAAjiTCgu``B The Internet, along with most animated feature to set up the site to advertise is taking shape. ierAjjL[EFuTCg`pRecuP[XAuhttp://www. (i) .jp/i.comA.netjv`hCATCg`uP[XiAP[XjB In the past (TV cartoon) stations and production companies at the website set up to promote the case for most of the content, but in recent years "http://www. (Work). Jp / (. Com, . net, etc.) "in the form of your own domain name to get the site in the form of an independent set is a lot of cases (in this case, the production company to manage many cases).

TCgeiSITvePRAp\RgdbpRecuTCgB The official site of the contents of a general overview of the works and various and diverse PR, a separate PC and mobile phone content, the official site has been established. sLALN^[iIj[7]RecB If the convenience of their rights and will pay most of the characters in the image of waiting including (but limited) offers some free [7] content as well.

[ W ] pbP[W` form the sale of package

eerAjOVA A AjNoWebAjAiSpbP[WB Various TV shows and OVA, anime theater in recent years and appeared in the Web animation, and almost all the recent work has been packaged. prfIfbLoyOipbP[WiB For the home VCR penetration has not appeared before a package of a work in progress.

rfIfbLSrfIe[vrfI\tgi [U[fBXNfBXNLP R[h}jAjA DVDovCXe[V2DVD@\o[U[Ap\RDVDhCuivC[ADVDR[_[yAeXpbP[WSDVDA ^rfIXNilB Also the heyday of the VCR videotape video software sales was the mainstream (laser disk that the disk itself, LP records and did not change and remained in the geek), DVD appeared after the PlayStation 2's DVD playback mechanism Much of the time appeared to have accepted the user and the computer, and many were equipped with a DVD drive that supports in addition to the many low-priced players are expected to be sold, and a DVD recorder because of the spread of , And now sold in various stores in nearly every version of the package the next DVD, video rental shops on the work of recent years has been handling the same.

^Blu-ray DiscHD-DVD\tgvC[iQ[@R[_[jyAB By the way, the next-generation Blu-ray Disc or HD-DVD player software compatible (recorder or game console), the penetration rate is low, it is still stuck in a minority. AKiAOABlu-ray DiscADVDP[XB However, the standard of competition at the end of the first to settle with, Blu-ray Disc is about, DVD and the simultaneous release in every case.

erAj TV cartoon case
DVD\tglXAgX|T[CMoxVlCSAjAAjiimz[8] jA[Aj}jAiz[9]XB Currently, the market price of DVD software is different, CM Proceeds from the show sponsor the production cost can be recovered to the level of many popular new band full-time animation, animation is still in the more affordable (still Western more expensive [8 ]), A late-night work for animation buffs and expensive [9] a strong trend.
AiAtB}X^[RXgWrIzi[10] B In addition, the works of old for the first time with the original deteriorated film re-mastered the relationship between the cost of production work and copyright fees in the premium pricing will be relatively expensive if you have [10].
Amlk{iA^|DVDA{Ajt@si{50x^6000~jB However, as Western rights should be strict in North America, Japan and half the price or less, and many hours of recording on DVD sales translated version is a fan of Japanese anime is unhappy (about in Japan Recording time of 50 minutes to close at 6,000 yen for a lot).
O Otherwise
AjiANmDVDeXB Theatrical work differ widely in regard to animation, and DVD sales strategy in recent years, Western influence is a strong trend of frequent turnover. OVApbP[WizXi1{PijB OVA and revenue from the sale of packages to recover the cost of works produced by a high tendency for the (once per 1 million units this work was also present).

XpbP[W`AeT[11]t Sales also form a special version of the package, in addition to the benefits usually kind version [11] was

  1. wx But sales of the Limited Edition
  2. DVD-BOX[12]iABOXsj DVD-BOX Version [12] also sold (in this case, BOX version of the more advanced version will be available from many examples)

LeP[XAtlto[Wsv_sieQ[\tgljB Each of these cases as the company's strategic, high value-simultaneous version was preceded by selling or raise interest rates aimed at the many examples (a variety of these games is an example of a similar kind Many).

AeAjVbvER[hXXi MjsB In addition, various Animation Shop record store sales and store (mail-order as well) but will be held following the example of a marketing strategy.

  1. XPW[Ttw s x Schedule early release version and benefit from the additional sales of the prior version
  2. eXTt Each of the award-store sales give a kind

LeP[XeXAXsiqeQ[\tgljB Each of these cases each store's sales strategy, and other stores will be held for discrimination example of the many (as above other similar types of games).

[ W ] u[hohzM broadband delivery

qWebAjA u[hohyAerfim\Au[hohzMsi}B In a Web animation with no previous broadband penetration of the environment, the quality of television-quality video and secure as possible, to deliver broadband has been a surge in work. I\PVw`fzMxAw{ALzMiAngfntH[IjxAwLzMxA`B Specifically, it said the trailer, or PV, and only the delivery of advertising material, from a certain period of time, the broadcast free of charge, since the delivery fee (in this case, non-terrestrial broadcast to the regional objective of the follow-up Tend to be one), and the toll from the initial limited distribution, physical description and has said.

[ W ] iXg Title List

AjiQ List of anime see

[ W ] r Footnotes

[ wv ] [Help]
  1. ^ ukfBYj[AjubNA fBYj[Aj ^ Kodansha DIZUNIANIMEBUKKU, such as the Disney animated version of the novel
  2. ^ EL[LfAXL[nsfiUfB ^ Kansai area Chukyo area in the sub-stations and regional stations broadcast on more stations or quasi-local stations broadcast in the work of leading an independent U in the Kanto area broadcast stations, including for example.
  3. ^ Ll}{95N10{u{Ajv ^ KINEMA{1995 issue of early October "of Japanese culture, anime"
  4. ^ dictionary.com-anime ^ Dictionary.com-anime
  5. ^ dictionary.com-OTAKU ^ Dictionary.com-OTAKU
  6. ^ japanimation.com ^ Japanimation.com
  7. ^{IA1xIP[XB ^ After the broadcast, from one hour long and available in a few hours to close the case. [JL[lbgOA1xlbgB Local Administration Bureau, and the key is the case of simultaneous Internet broadcast will be a major premise, and one day in the net late in the broadcast if you can not get a lot of offers.
  8. ^ w ejXql xw PR x4b^3990~B ^ The Prince of Tennis and the Keroro, in 3990 and included a four-story yen.
  9. ^ 1bPA1500-2000~AI2500-3000~Aqdl4000~xB ^ 1 about bids around the category of cheap yen in 1500-2000, the average in the 2500-3000 yen, below Limited Edition 4000 version of the yen or even more than that. SIWIDVD1{P5000-7000~B Overall DVD1 standard in the 5000-7000 yen per unit price will be.
  10. ^ 2006Nw @mK_ xDVD-BOXA nCrWdl}X^[fAVAjAS43b7~iB ^ 2006, was released after the Mobile Suit Gundam DVD-BOX of the high-definition version of the master again to produce the material and produce a new animated effort it took for close to the 70,000 yen in the full 43 stories The price is more.
  11. ^LeTfTCDAeWA tBMAAB ^ The above award, and benefits of various CD, set a variety of materials, figures, including wide-ranging.
  12. ^DVD-BOXArIViPiBOXApbP[WiBOXP[XfB ^ DVD-BOX version here and say, the relatively new single is already in the works that have already re-released as a cheaper version is available at the BOX and the package had not been released as Version Previous works BOX Different from the case and refused to leave.

[ W ] A See also

Anime UIKIPOTARU EBL|[^ Aj Anime UIKIPOTARU
Anime UIKIPUROJEKUTO EBLvWFNg Aj Anime UIKIPUROJEKUTO
{Av Japan's major items related
EBL|[^ - JeS UIKIPOTARU - Category
j History
Osamu Masashi
n Land management
o Economy
Culture
`|\ - \ - - - - i {np A {j@j - My - p - - z - { - w - f - - Aj Traditional arts - capacity - Kabuki - flower arrangement - the tea ceremony - old martial arts (Japan Equestrian, stroke as well) - Japanese - art - food - Building - Japanese garden - Literature - Movies - manga - animation
Social
- - @ - - X|[c Language - ethnic issues - Religion - Education - Sports


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