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I[PXg Orchestra

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Disambiguation ycLqB This item has been written about the orchestra. p@I[PXg (B)B For other uses of the orchestra (Disambiguation) please.

I[PXg i yc AorchestrajA y Ay A yyytgDcB Orchestra (orchestra, orchestra) and the music orchestral music, string instrument that is more than one of groups that organized for you by playing music will be organized from the wind and percussion instruments. NVbNytB Play classical music to the Lord.

I[PXgANVbNyOi eyWYI[PXgi rbOoh jE}hI[PXgEM^[I[PXgjtcA{eNVbNytcLqB The orchestra is non-classical music (orchestral jazz and Latin music (band Big) Orchestra Orchestra guitar mandolin) in group play, in this paper describes a group to play classical music.

Contents

[ W ] T_ Introduction

I[PXgA wtB Usually the orchestra to play with and regulated by the conductor.

Kyc isymphony orchestrajAKySyc ichamber orchestrajA _XysitKohB A large symphony orchestra (symphony orchestra), the central stringed instruments in a small chamber orchestra (chamber orchestra), which organized a small addition to playing a march and music and dance and are called bands. uycvjIAeI[PXgLRiF xycxEtBn[j[ycjB The "Symphony" is a designation of historic, modern take ~ and it is a natural part of the proper names for each of the orchestra (ie: not greater than Orchestra Philharmonic Orchestra Berlin, the Berlin Symphony.)

}hyI[PXgAWIB Organize the many orchestras around the romantic music, which is a typical organization. TIitKAIAKB The trio of classic works is slightly smaller than this, that a modern, large-scale would also be present. AvyAOAlB Organization of these two organized by the number of wind pipe major pipe 3 organization, and called up four tubes. LB Examples: Organization is organizing the second tube. cI[PXg\lXAcicQttB The number of members of the orchestra as a group is different, so the group can work and play in a player's participation in addition to members of the extraordinary.

[ W ] I[PXgj History of the Orchestra

I[PXgA MVIP[XgijRB Word of the orchestra, ORUKESUTORA the Greek () derived. q~`Xy[XwAi RX A R[XjxB This refers to the space between the semi-circular stage and audience, there chorale (KOROSU, the origin of the chorus) and dance the dance.

I[PXgitj }[[ Orchestra have (full orchestration) Mahler Ninth

ytyyA obNIytAytI[{Gt@SbgynA eFfBIy`B Joined the orchestra for string orchestra of wind, as the accompaniment of the opera during the Baroque, added at the beginning of a woodwind instrument in the oboe and bassoon and string ensemble of reinforcement to show the morphology of the initial opera MONTEVERUDI available. I[PXgA ySt[g A I[{G A gybg A g{[ i TbNobg jB This time the orchestra, the flute in the central stringed instruments, oboe, trumpet, trombone (bat sacks) was added. obnwfIgIJ^[^tIyyWAyyttygB The development of the air with the wind orchestra of the opera as an accompaniment of the cantata and the oratorio by Bach and Handelian them as their own music for the orchestra was born Kumikyoku orchestra and concerto grosso. yeBpjKB Large part of the brass and tympani and gradually.

Tht A IytWART[gz[tKyKANlbgVyA`B During school classic the concerto music and symphonies, and much progress as accompaniment for the opera, the large increase of the string to adjust to playing in the concert hall, were joined by new instruments such as clarinet, and the incarnation . ObNIyw ItFIGEfB[`F xA sbR A Nlbg A oXh A gCAO A VoI[PXgB Opera of Gluck's EURIDICHE ORUFEO and, in the piccolo, clarinet, bass drum, triangle, joined the orchestra cymbals.

}hyyA `C}o A ObPVs[yB The music in the Roman increasing further the number and types of wind, marimba and chimes, the addition of percussion and glockenspiel. `FX^ A sAmyn[voB Celesta sometimes, also appeared the harp and piano and keyboards.

[ W ] I[PXggD Organization of the Orchestra

I[PXgAutvWgDAyyAAKAqmiI[PXgjoXB Orchestras, in itself, "Players" and attracted many professional organizations, with unique materials such as musical scores and instruments, and a large practice area and should ensure good environmental and material storage for (even a small orchestra) is out of balance easily and financial operating days. AS^ciycjAX|T[VbvI[iOAxocZpB Therefore, to operate this sound (regardless of the band is no trade), or sponsorship ONARINGU firm requires very advanced technology and management.

I[PXgcANyWygDB Many orchestras are permanent and professional organizations, there also will be organized by the temporary house and music festival together each year. oCCgjycLB Is a famous Bayreuth Festival Orchestra is, for example.

I[PXgsbgI[PXghCcSAIytsB Orchestra and principal activities in the pit orchestra of the opera house and many of the Germany, the concert will not only opera and most of them. EB[ycgDEB[EtBn[j[ycAB The team Philharmonic Vienna will be organized from among the members of the Vienna State Opera orchestra, is one example. BAIB In Europe, it is also characteristic of many is that the theater belongs to the public.

A I[PXgB In addition, many cases have the exclusive broadcaster of the orchestra. Age[}Ah}tAepyBLAoKI[PXgLB This was originally the theme song of the show, the accompaniment of the drama, is the root of ownership began to make it easier to raise a variety of music for broadcast, the orchestra was the largest economy and the broadcasters of all sizes he owns. I[PXgA\Z^cAEcAAjBB Broadcasting major orchestras, has been mainly operated in the state budget and state-run broadcasters in the world, and which take the place of public broadcasting to them, often have a long history of broadcasting in Europe. WItX\eccycA hCcenSyci oCG A x A khCcjB Bands and Direct broadcast of the national state is represented by RAJIOFURANSU, public broadcasting bands for each region of Germany (Bavaria, Berlin, Germany and North) is an example. BBCNHKLycB BBC and NHK is a public broadcaster and a renowned symphony orchestra. ALI[PXgNBCLNBCycLB The orchestra was owned by a commercial broadcaster in the U.S. NBC had been owned by NBC is famous symphony is. {ABCABCycycLAtAgpytB In Japan ABC is owned by the ABC team of other symphony orchestra, in addition to the concert, he played music for many of the broadcast program. {tBn[j[ycAI[PXgaA tWerW_B Orchestra Japan Philharmonic Symphony addition, born the orchestra's own original Nippon Cultural Broadcasting, Inc., had signed an exclusive contract with Fuji TV. NHKycc@lA {iNHKjWLAtI[PXgB NHK symphony orchestra in the Foundation is a separate, NHK Japan (NHK) has a relationship with a close, there is a similar orchestra included broadcasters. Aj[NxRnhCcRIASLxycAB It was broadcast to U.S. forces from the occupied areas of East Berlin as an example a unique RIAS also has Berlin Radio Symphony Orchestra who owns, is also working to change the name.

AcI[PXgAI[i[ItAtR[h^_AD_X|T[AlCycoc`PycAB Meanwhile, the orchestra as an independent because there is no regular order of play from the owner, must rely on the contract recording fees and admission records of regular play, a good sponsorship deal dolphin, with the exception of the band has succeeded in improving the management style of popular bands and a few in existence that it is difficult. A Eli X|T[ jtP[XAB They are private companies and grants to local governments and nations (sponsors) are in many cases, depends on donations, mostly financial difficulties. I[i[X|T[gA^cP[XAI[PXgB Salvaged by the owner or sponsor, in some cases be forced to operate independently, which is directly related to the survival of the orchestra. COEMIxtBn[jAycUicURItcj[EtBn[jAycjA{1972N{tBn[j[ycUEB Overseas EMI dissolving the orchestra FIRUHAMONIA lost the support of the (members has formed the New Philharmonia Orchestra as a group with its own performance against the dissolution), Japan in 1972 and split the dissolution of the Philharmonic Orchestra of Japan Cases have occurred.

[ W ] Examples of the organization

nXREtBn[jbNEI[PXgi LVR j Orchestra Philharmonic Jalisco (Mexico) survey of
Orquesta Filarmonica de Jalisco Orquesta Filarmonica de Jalisco

1@CIRgoXAeltCAyyep[g1lB The first part of strings of the double bass violin is often the performers are left to the number of parts, each part is the wind that was written as a rule have a single notation. tA {y2{Au AVX^g vtB In the actual concert, however, the wind pipe and one or two times to the times, "Assistant" to get the player known as the auxiliary.

[ W ] obN Baroque organization

18IOobNy i JSobne} A wfjAKyB Around the late Baroque music of the early 18 th century (JS Telemann and Bach, the subject Handelian) seen a lot of songs, an example of organizing a large-scale orchestral music.

[ W ] TI Organization classical

Thyi nCh A [c@g A x[g[F jaround classical music (Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven) example to be more organized


[ W ] }h Romantic orchestration

}hyi [Oi[ A `CRtXL[ A FjB Iof late romantic music (Wagner, Tchaikovsky and Ravel) organized a number of cases. pB Often used in modern.

Lumen formation

O 3 tube formation

l 4 tube formation

[ W ] K The size of the organization

yI[PXgKAAOAltgB To indicate the size of the organization of the Orchestra presented by the score, tube formation, formation of tube used tube 4, the word organization. yeZNVlKB Indicating the number and approximate size of each of the woodwind section.

ThA t[g A I[{G A Nlbg A t@Sbge2i sbRjA zgybg2xA eBpj A y i1@CIA2@CIABIA`FARgoXjB Lumen formation is classical, flute, oboe, clarinet, and the bassoon 2 (decrease of the amount of and can participate in the piccolo), trumpet and horn about two, tympani, the 5 Strings (1st Violin second violin, viola, cello, double bass). ylu12^v6-5-4-3-2vgiPultFA2l1A1vg2jxAI[PXg60B Number 5 of this organization is worth the string "type 12" PURUTO 6-5-4-3-2 (Pult: In the music desk, and two people from a single view of the music desk, a PURUTO 2 equivalent) degree and a total of about 60 orchestras. [c@gx[g[FiAKtB The initial work of Beethoven and Mozart will be performed on a scale that it is now.

}hA t[g A I[{G A Nlbg A t@Sbge2ihysbR A CObVz A oXNlbg A Rgt@SbgjA z4A gybg2`3xAg{[3A `[oB Lumen formation late Romanticism, flute, oboe, clarinet, and the bassoon 2 (piccolo instrument is derived from each cor anglais, clarinet bus, theCHIE possible to Bassoon Contra), the horn 4, The Trumpet of 2-3, the trombone even three, joined by the tuba. eBpjy4xB The percussion instrument of some other part of the tympani 4. yn[vB Harp adds a transfer instrument. y i1@CIA2@CIABIA`FARgoXjB Division 5 Strings (first violin, second violin, viola, cello, double bass). ylRT[gWIu14^v7-6-5-4-3vgxAI[PXg80B Number of Strings of this organization is organized to meet the standard in today's concert "type 14" 7-6-5-4-3 PURUTO are about a total of about 80 orchestras. `CRtXL[iAKtB Works of Tchaikovsky will be performed on a scale that it is now.

OAt[gAI[{GANlbgAt@Sbge2hyAt[gAI[{GANlbgAt@SbgeZNV3B 3 tube formation, flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon and the two were joined by their derivative instruments, flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon and three sections. z4xAgybgg{[e3xA`[o1B Approximately four horns, three trumpets and trombones of each, and a tuba. yeBpj1〜2l6xAyn[v1`FX^B Tympani and percussion, including one or two people about six, the harp into an instrument can join the celesta more. ylu16^v8-7-6-5-4vgxA90B Number of Strings of this organization is to meet the so-called "Type 16" is about PURUTO 8-7-6-5-4, a total of about 90. x[g[Fi}hixKA `bmA [Oi[u [GO vS`B Many of the works of late Romanticism from the works of Beethoven is about the size of this Article 9 have established the foundation for a very close, in Wagner's "Lohengrin" are said to form its first full that.

lAt[gAI[{GANlbgAt@SbgeZNV4B The organization has four pipes, flute, oboe, clarinet, bassoon sections and 4. z48lAgybgg{[3〜4lA`[o1〜2lB The Horn 4-8, 3-4 trumpets and a trombone, tuba is 1-2. yeBpj1〜2l7xB Tympani and percussion, including the 1-2 of 7. y4xB The four instruments of transfer. yu18^v9-8-7-6-5vgxA100B The so-called five-part string "type 18" 9-8-7-6-5 PURUTO the extent, amounts to total 100. [Oi[ A }[[ A XgBXL[ A xNiAKiB Wagner, Mahler, SUTORAVINSUKI, BERCK works, many works of this magnitude. `xI[YNCGi5eEfEA{@\j]AN[Oi[u j[xOw vu pWt@ v@\IgDB The first form of the work Requiem Berlioz five DEUMU the same table, and then in unison in times of so-called tube function, it is Wagner's later years "ring finger of the Nibelung" and "PARUJIFARU" functional organization in that almost organized.

lAeZNV5lijB Increase formation of tubes, each section will average five (5 equivalent tube formation). AeZNV4{X^_[hyAsbRACObVzAoXNlbgARgt@Sbg`B Here, four on each section of the standard of each woodwind instrument, the piccolo, English horn, clarinet bus, many additional forms Contra Bassoon. z8lB Horn has said. gybg56lB 5-6 is a Trumpet. g{[3l5lB The big difference from three trombones, five. `[o2lB Tuba is more than two people. y7lB Percussion is more than seven people. ytu20^v10-9-7-6-5vgIIKEsAmB For string orchestra, "20-type" of piano organ 10-9-7-6-5 PURUTO more generally. `FX^E4ln[vEM^[}htB 4 celesta can find a harp than a guitar and mandolin. qgEVgEX A }[[ A XgBXL[A VF[xN A @[Y A P[WB Richard Strauss, Mahler and other SUTORAVINSUKI, Schonberg, AUBERIVES, that the subject package. y120B Scoring more than 120.

AiB The organization also works written in big big organization than this. qgEVgEXu^CtFv i 52A @[YuAJvi1922N)A VAuAbVWtVXRvuMvA n@[KEuCAB Richard Strauss's "TAIYUFE" Title 52, AUBERIVES "America" (1922 edition), MESHIAN "St. Francis of Assisi" and "flash", which, in this symphony of Brian HAVAGARU. S\200uZvuvAuCA1uSVbNvVF[xNu O vAyjB From dozens of nearly 100 200 "organization pipe 6" or "organized pipe 8" to engage in, especially Brian's Symphony No. 1 "Gothic" is the BERCK Shane "Songs Goure" inI the largest organization of music that is. yAeZNVxl`At[gNlbgAI[{Gt@SbgXAyIB Such organization of the woodwind instruments, such as formatTEHAMARAZU much about the same number of each section, the number assigned to the flute and clarinet, bassoon and oboe have tended too much, and brass anomalism become equivalent.

Ay1lxi jB The smallest organization, is organized around a single woodwind (equivalent organize a tube). [Oi[u W[Nt[gq vA{Ie1Az2Agybg1AyA[Oi[1lB Of Wagner's "Idyll Siegfried", is basically a woodwind, two horns, trumpet, percussion without, at the premiere of Wagner's home is also one of two strings. I[PXg8^6^tB Currently, no organization of eight-six-room orchestra often played on type. EF[xu 5i vi10yyAi2129A VF[xN1IB Of Webern, "5 one piece of" work in 10 or more percussion and keyboard instruments, such as 21 or 29 also works, Symphony indoor BERCK Shane an anomaly that many like. hCcqW[NeA^[VB New Kids MUJIKUTEATA modern Germany has been written to be premiered in this organization. yRXg[Oi[EF[xAVF[xNe1lB Webern and Wagner with the string is due to cost savings, as Schonberg and often written in a single. [XgBXL[u m vB SUTORAVINSUKI is an extreme example of the "story of a soldier".

obNI[PXgAyep[g1A@CI2p[g2〜3ABIA`F2ARgoXAt@SbgAye1xKAK20xB In the Baroque period orchestra, each part is a wind instrument, a violin has two parts, each of 2-3, viola, two cellos, double bass, bassoon, keyboards and a lot about the scale of that name, and a large total 20 was the lowest. ySp[ge1tB All parts of each, including a string can be in touch. AobNI[PXgyyeB Therefore, the Orchestra of the Baroque period is also that category and the orchestra room or chamber. A wfN1749Nyg u {y vACMXsAlc100lKycATOtiQF i#tO jB The last days of Handelian Suite 1749 orchestration by the composer in "Music for the royal fireworks", the special circumstances in the event of national power united kingdom, we also present a huge orchestra of some 100 people, outdoor ceremony was a rousing performance at the venue (see: the organization works out ranking large #).

[ W ] yzu Layout of the instrument

ON: stage formation of orchestra iI[PXgyj External links: formation of Stage orchestra (arrangement of the instruments of the orchestra)

[ W ] w Conductor

Awi_jI[PXgB In many cases, the conductor is (even if the exclusive deals) is not a member of the orchestra. twwB Often lead to a different conductor for each concert. AI[PXguCwviuwvuyvjwtsAwCAwp[g[tlI[PXgtB However, many orchestras as a "conductor" (or "chief conductor," "Music Director") for a long time to play with a particular conductor, called the term of the conductor, the conductor tend to be characterized by the individuality of the orchestral repertoire and style of play is good. wOu`vyB That bear the name of the conductor often "-era" will be mentioned as it is. WLB Most famous example of such a relationship is as follows.

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