jWF[ Niger

oT: t[STwEBLyfBAiWikipediajx Source: Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia (Wikipedia),

jWF[a Niger Republic

République du Niger République du Niger


i j (Flag)	( ) (National emblem)

W : Fraternité, Travail, Progrès National motto: Fraternité, Travail, Progrès
itX: FAJAij (French: fraternal, labor, progressive)

: La Nigerienne National Anthem: La Nigerienne

p Official language

tX French

s Capital

jA Niamey

ss Largest city jA Niamey

{ Government

President	^WE}}hD Tang Ja MAMADU
Prime Minister	ZCjEE} Seyni Oumarou

Area

v Total	1,267,000 km² i 21 j 1,267,000 km ² (ranked 21)
Water moment	Only pole

l Population

vi 2004N j Total (2004)	11,360,538li 69 j 11,360,538 (ranked 69)
lx Population density	9l/km² 9 / km ²

GDP i\j GDP (Currency view)

vi 2005N j Total (2005)	17,385CFAt 1 trillion and 7,385 billion CFA francs

GDP i MER j GDP (MER)

vi 2005N j Total (2005)	33hi 137 j $ 33 billion (No. 137)

GDP i PPP j GDP (PPP)

vi 2003N j Total (2003)	906,200hi 132 j 9,000,000,000 6,200 dollars (132's)
1l Per person	800h $ 800

Independent
- t - Date tX From France
1960N 83 1960 August 3, 2007

Currency CFAt i XOF j CFA franc (XOF)

Hour UTC (+1)i DST : j UTC (+1) (DST: None)

ccTLD ccTLD NE NE

db International Phone 227 227

jWF[ (Niger)AF jWF[a ( République du Niger ) A AtJ A Tn Twnu B Niger (Niger), official name: Republic of Niger (République du Niger), Western Africa, a landlocked country located in the area of Sahel southern edge of the Sahara. s jA B Capital is Niamey. AWFA A } A uLit@\ A xi A iCWFA A `h A rAB Algeria, Mali, Burkina Faso, Benin, Nigeria, Chad, to neighboring Libya.

[ W ] Country

tXA République du Niger isuNEfEjWF[jB The official name in French, République du Niger (REPYUBURIKU du Niger). A Niger B Aka, Niger. p\LA Republic of Niger ipuNEIEiCWj[WFAjB English is the official description, Republic of Niger (NIJEA or Ja Nai RIPABURIKU OVU). A Niger B Aka, Niger. {\LA jWF[a B Japanese conventions, the Republic of Niger. A jWF[ B Aka niger.

jWF[ (Niger) iCWFA (Nigeria) AeuvnigerRB Niger (Niger) Nigeria and (Nigeria), in Latin with "black" means niger derived. NigernAjWF[iCWFAAX~B Niger is in the region, was originally included Nigeria and Niger, and by the two countries since independence has been called a draw.

[ W ] j History

tX 20ISyLB Is FRANCE 20 sovereignty over the whole of the century. 1922N tXAtJB 1922 in France part of British West Africa in the year. 1958NA 1960N 83 aB 1958 national autonomy, 1960 August 3 independent as the Republic on Sunday. 1974N 4A R ZCjEN`FQdN[f^[RuR]cvA]ccACB 1974 April, the military government in a coup chief aides Seyni Kountche Army "best military junta" and established, appointed Chairman of the Council. @~A cE}~B Constitution has been suspended, discontinued activities and the Congress party. 1987N 11 A[EZuRN[f^[AN`FB 1987 11 on Monday in a military coup led by Ali Cebu, the government collapsed Kountche.

1989N 9[V@FA12IA[EZu IoA`IB 1989 9 the new Constitution was approved by referendum in May, 12, was elected the President of the Cebu Ally election Monday, the transition to civilian rule in the format. 1990N 11 }B 1990, 11 introduced a multiparty system in October. 12V@[FB 12 approved by referendum a new constitution in October. 1993N 2cI6}AuvvAR^} u W^ (MNSD)B3Ic (CDS)}n}kEEX}}IB 1995N 1I MNSD }AA2n}EA}hD MNSDLACB4AgDAOl gD[u[l{aB 1993 in the June parliamentary election coalition of the Party "Union force change", the ruling military junta-era "movement developed national society (MNSD) win by a wide margin. Three months of the presidential election in a Democratic Society Meeting (CDS) elected leader of USUMAN MAHAMANU. 1995, an election is MNSD the victory and the opposition alliance, AMADU Hama MNSD appointed to the chief secretary of Prime Minister. in April, anti-people TOUBU people and TOUAREGU seek autonomy peace agreement with government forces.

1996N 1ARN[f^[CuCEoE}CiTRQdcu~vRB 1996 January, chaired by Army Chief of Staff in MAINASARA Barre lime Eve coup forces "national salvation committee" to establish a military government. 7I}CiTcEX}OIB 7 USUMAN elected president and chairman escaping MAINASARA presidential election. 12}CiT~UA A}hDEVZOoCA 1997N 11}XgCLCA CuCEnbTE}LOVB 12 President MAINASARA national salvation committee is dissolved, the Prime Minister was appointed economy minister before Cissé AMADU 1997 November dismiss the problem as a confrontation with the opposition and strikes, the Foreign Minister Hassan Maya key lime Eve The new prime minister.

1999N 4ARN[f^[NAxjA`}CiTeEB 1999 April, causing a military coup again, who shot President MAINASARAxthe airport in Niamey. x_I_E}EPcRua]cvB Chairman of the Major government and military's chief of WANKE marram DAODA security force and the "National Reconciliation Council" seize the helm. cUA@~B Dissolved parliament, suspended the Constitution. R@[7sA90%xFB The national referendum on the draft constitution by the military junta in May 7, approved by about 90 percent support. V@SKB The new constitution provides for the president and prime minister sharing power. 10IR MNSD}^WE}}hDIB 10 former military officials in the elected president of the MNSD MAMADU Ja Tan members. }}hD12AMNSDLA}hDCB President MAMADU December, MNSD AMADU appointed prime minister by former Prime Minister of the General Secretary.

2000N 3A }n}hDECXt jWF[`} (PNDS)S}uAv(CFD) B 2000 March, the socialist party led by democratic Niger's former prime minister ISUFU MAHAMADU (PNDS) and the opposition of the "Union of Democratic Forces" (CFD) formation. 6 MNSD xchuv(AFD) B June MNSD majority support for presidential and parliamentary forces "Alliance of Democratic Forces" (AFD) was formed. 2001N 2A w{50%RcwenfAxB 2001 February, government subsidies to universities around the 50% of students demonstrated in protest over the reduction, the fight with police. {jAwB The government closed the University of Niamey. 4}CiTeE{xlsfB 4 demonstration in the capital of thousands of supporters for the shooting death investigation MAINASARA president. 2002N 7ARcRmfBbt@NA WIB 2002 in July, causing a revolt in the southeast DIFFA soldiers who protest the treatment and wages, seized the radio station. {AfBbt@B The government of the month, issue a declaration of emergency in DIFFA. 8jAgA{RB In August, the insurgency has expanded in Niamey, the repressive military government. 200lmB Soldiers arrested 200 people.

jWF[eAA xi B Over the attribution of RETE islands of the River Niger, a dispute with the border with Benin. 2000N 5 Axi{{jWF[RjB 2000 May, the army destroyed the Niger government facility under construction on the island of Benin. 6okA AtJ@\ iOAUAAtJA jvB 6 to rupture in the talks both sides, the Organization of African Unity (OAU, the Association's Africa) and asked for arbitration. 2001N 6 A_i@ iICJjfB 2001 June, the two International Court of Justice concluded (ICJ) agreed to entrust the decision.

[ W ] Politics

jWF[a A B System of the Niger Republic, the state Constitution to take semi-presidential system. s@1999N 718B Constitution currently has 1999 July 18, was enacted to date.

A IIoAC5NB President is the head of the State, is elected by direct election of the people, the term is five years. 3I~B 3 election will be banned. tCB Ministers and the Prime Minister is appointed by the President.

@{@Ac B Legislature is in the unicameral, parliamentary official name. 113cAcIIoB Constant at 113 seats, members are elected by direct election of the people. 113c105cnW}\xAc8cI IoB 113 seats out of 105 seats by party list proportional representation system, regardless of ethnicity or region, and the remaining eight seats are elected from the minority of single-member district system. cC5NB The term of office of members is five years. 5%[}AczB 5% party vote can not be over, the seats are not allocated.

jWF[c Niger National Assembly

jWF[}@\AEh W^ (MNSD)A h jWF[`} Ac (CDS)3}LB Niger has a feature the system of political parties, movements and social development of the center-right National particular (MNSD), Democratic Socialist Party Niger leftist, democratic society meeting and (CDS) of the three parties is likely.

[ W ] ns Local Government Division

jWF[sQ For details, refer to the administrative area of the Niger

jWF[7B (région) 1s (capital district) \B Niger is one of seven states (région) and a special district of the capital (capital district) is composed.

jAs (Niamey capital district) Capital District Niamey (Niamey capital District)
AKfXB (Agadez) State Agadez (Agadez)
fBt@B (Diffa) State DIFA (Diffa)
hb\B (Dosso) State Dossi (Dosso)
}fBB (Maradi) State Maradi (Maradi)
^EAB (Tahoua) State Tahoua (Tahoua)
eBxB (Tillabéri) State TIRABERI (Tillabéri)
Uf[B (Zinder) State ZANDERU (Zinder)

[ W ] n Geography

y32AkB Two-thirds of the land occupied by desert, the dry north. 6`10JGB In the south during the humid rainy season in June to 10 June to July.

F1267,000L Area: 1,260,000 sq km 7,000

l F1,123l(2001Nv) Population: 1,123 million (2001 estimate)

vssF Wf[ A }fB Major Cities: JINDERU, Maradi

[ W ] o Economy

_ A {Y A zYB Agriculture, industry and livestock, industrial mining mainly. En1B One of world's poorest countries. zEmFE3B Uranium mining is the mainstay of the world's only confirmed three of the top reserves. AN[^zRA{zRAEAYSp20%B And mine AKUTA in mining and associated with Japan, the total employment of about 20% of the uranium-related industries. 1997N41Q@B 1997 people in the drought years of the fourth into a hunger crisis. EiAxdsCOrA1999NojYB Further decline in uranium prices, the disruption of foreign aid by frequent political unrest, in a state of bankruptcy by the end of 1999 on the fact that the national economy. 2000N12A (IMF)nAjWF[{w89,000h \A7,600hZB But in December 2000, the International Monetary Fund (IMF) poverty reduction and other measures, the government assume the Niger 800000000 9000 announced the exemption of dollars of debt, and 7600 has also seen signs of a bright and determined million loan that.

F20h(1l194hA1999N) Gross national income: 20 billion dollars (194 U.S. dollars per capita, 1999)

F CFAt Currency: CFA franc

[ W ] R Military

IB Selective conscription. 2NB Two-year military service. R5,200lAR100lA1,400lAax2,500lAx@1,500lB 5200 Army, Air Force 100, and 1,400 police, 2,500 Republican Guard, National Police Force 1500. 2002Nh\Z3,300hB 2002 defense budget of 330 million years.

[ W ] National

F tX pA nET A WF} A tjeB Language: The official language is French, Spanish HAUSA, Spanish JERUMA, the main ethnic languages and each Fulah.

F nET 55 - 60%A WF} 20 - 24%A tj10%A gDAO 8 - 10%A gD[u[l B Ethnic: ethnic HAUSA 55 - 60%, group JERUMA 20 - 24%, about family FURANI 10%, group TOUAREGU 8 - 10%, black and ethnic TOUBU.

@ F CX[80%B Religion: Islam is 80%. Aj~Y A LXgB Other animism, and Christianity.

[ W ] Culture

j Holidays
t Date	{\L Japanese Conventions	n\L Local language conventions
11 January 1	New Year's Day	Jour de l'An Jour de l'An
424 April 24	RR[h Date of Concord
51 May 1	[f[ Labor Day
83 August 3	LO Independence Day	Fête de l'Indépendance Fête de l'Indépendance
1218 December 18	a Republic Day	Jour de la République Jour de la République
1225 December 25	NX}X Christmas	Noël Noël

[ W ] A See also

jWF[WL Niger list of related articles
_J[EjWF[S i}j Railway Dakar Niger (construction in the country come to Mali has been virtually abandoned)

[ W ] ON External links

EBLfBAERYA jWF[A}`fBA JeSB The Wikimedia Commons has a Tree and multimedia to be related to the Niger.

jWF[a{ itXj Government of the Republic of Niger (French)
jWF[{ itXj Presidential Niger (French)
{O - jWF[ i{j Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan - Niger (Japanese)

jWF[ - EBLgx Niger - UIKITORABERU
jWF[{ itXj ipj Tourism Niger (French) (English)

\ E b E E History Hen talk table AtJn Countries and regions of Africa

kAtJ Northern Africa	AWFA \| GWvg ¹ \| `jWA \| bR \| rA Algeria \| Egypt ¹ \| Tunisia \| Morocco \| Libya

AtJ Western Africa	K[i \| J[{xf \| KrA \| MjA \| MjArTE \| R[gW{[ \| VGIl \| ZlK \| g[S \| iCWFA \| jWF[ \| uLit@\ \| xi \| } \| [^jA \| xA Ghana \| Cape Verde \| Gambia \| Guinea \| Guinea-Bissau \| Ivory Coast \| Sierra Leone \| Senegal \| Togo \| Nigeria \| Niger \| Burkina Faso \| Benin \| Mali \| Mauritania \| Liberia

AtJ Eastern Africa	EK_ \| G`IsA \| GgA \| PjA \| R \| Wu` \| X[_ \| Z[VF \| \}A \| }_KXJ \| [VX Uganda \| Ethiopia \| Eritrea \| Kenya \| Comoros \| Djibouti \| Sudan \| Seychelles \| Somalia \| Madagascar \| Mauritius

AtJ Middle Africa	K{ \| J[ \| RSa \| RSa \| TgEvVy \| MjA \| `h \| AtJ \| uW \| _ Gabon \| Cameroon \| Congo Republic \| Country Democratic Republic of Congo \| Sao Tome and Principe \| Equatorial Guinea \| Chad \| Central African Republic \| Burundi \| Rwanda

AtJ Southern Africa	AS \| UrA \| WouG \| XWh \| ^UjA \| i~rA \| {ci \| }EC \| AtJ \| Ur[N \| \g Angola \| Zambia \| Zimbabwe \| Swaziland \| Tanzania \| Namibia \| Botswana \| Malawi \| South Africa \| Mozambique \| Lesotho

Other	\}h \| Tn Somaliland \| Western Sahara

n Number	CMX F Zgwi \| tX F }bg - jI United Kingdom: Saint Helena \| France: Mayotte - Reunion

uvFAAB "Other" small countries approved by the state, country or no country or have a separate claim. AB Non-member United Nations. nQB See also the separate listing on the number of facts. bROTniTnEAuajA AtJA iAUjB Non-independent countries of the Western Sahara and Morocco (Sahara Arab Democratic Republic), Africa Union (AU) member states. ¹ AWAB ¹ Some are included in Asia.