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O Diplomat

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O ijA \A OhAAO{OslAEB Diplomat (but I wonder) and the state on behalf of foreign countries to be dispatched to or residing in a foreign government and the diplomatic negotiations and conduct international exchanges and people, but the office.

Index

[ W ] Tv Summary

OOsEB Between a diplomat various national diplomatic activities are position. IO A EA@A\AAAEAL{Axf[1] B Specifically, in the protection of citizens abroad and information activities, policy makers and other duties, and the insight of the qualities and talents of a plot, the deposition, diligence, perseverance, extensive education, and advanced power are determined [1]. eOJAEKA{OB The morning is actually the only countries to open their own office and to the public, neglect of the convention has also been insensitive, and Japan is no exception. _g A OB The activities will be based at the embassy, consulate general and overseas missions. O`EAK@cB The definition of diplomatic standpoint, the long international customary law based on the remaining portion was ambiguous. AK@EB[1961N1964NA~OggchEijEOB However, the bulk of international customary law was written in the Vienna Convention in 1961 was adopted in 1964 and came into effect later this treaty, including the ambassador's diplomatic mission in the dispatch on the host (accepted) diplomatic immunity, Standards are over.

[ W ] @\ Features

O@\I@\A@I@\AI@\B The function of a symbolic diplomatic functions, legal functions, can be divided into political functions. I@\TQOK@\wB And the symbolic function and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs to participate in the ceremony and other features point to visit. @I@\Ac[A Ay@\B Function as the law of the United Nations General Assembly and voting at an international conference of the treaty signing, and other features of ratification are exchanged. I@\{OO`A@\[2] B The political function of government advice on foreign policy and foreign policy formation, policy features such as the provision of the bill [2]. \AWA OSAYl@\[3] B The representative of the country, intelligence, diplomatic staff, citizens and residents of the protection of the property can be divided into functions [3].

[ W ] j History

ONA jlWcAWcmG\Q}RlB The origin of the diplomats, in prehistoric times by a group of human society, contact between the groups when the two sides to avoid conflict by sending representatives to the adjustment of interest that were thought to have originated .

O^B In ancient times the national prototype of a diplomat was present. MVA tH A rUcOAOsWHB Ancient Greeks and Chinese Spring and Autumn Warring States period, the Byzantine Empire and a diplomat who is expected to hold diplomatic negotiations with the information collected and spent on political maneuvering.

EOaA sslTX C^AB The career diplomat was born, the city-state by a power struggleSHIKATTA Renaissance Italy are said to be. 1455N~mWFm@aguAC^AI]OhAJgbNC^ANu[}cechgB 1455 in the Duchy of Milan to the Republic of Genoa in the first legation to set up, since in Italy between the various national talks between nations engaged in a professional diplomat to be dispatched to each other and a Catholic at the head of Italy is one of the monarch was regarded as a pope to the world the Pope sent an envoy sent. VXe`16I[bpenLAOsb`B The system is a sovereign state has to be the formation of the 16th century and since spread to Europe, formed the basis of diplomatic practice.

A{dvsANlIWO[B Period of absolute monarchy, the palace internal policies in important national decisions to be made to increase the aide to the prince or the personal relationship and the success or failure of diplomatic negotiations was deeply involved. OANQdvsi [O iBoudoir DiplomacyjjB The top diplomat at the official, instead of the host nation in the night the prince's bedroom is directly into the negotiations is important is the (diplomaticchamber (Boudoir Diplomacy)). AOMm{AepVOIvfKvB Therefore, a diplomatic relationship with the king and nobles to establish a culture and the knowledge and means, and the outward appearance of civility and elements are also required. AN_A{Omc_B In addition, on behalf of host nation as a lord in the country's honor and protect obligation is imposed, the court in the host nation in the pecking order among diplomats of each other sometimes related to national dignity as a heated discussion at the time, and a duel Examples were everywhere. AOMRlCB Therefore, the aristocracy and diplomats and military personnel were to be appointed. A {OE[OIA\eINWE\B Since then, the people of the state of diplomacy with the court chamberthe end of an era of diplomacy, the nation's ability to deal with a variety of other information to report in a comprehensive manner the abilityNWcame to be called. EOOECpolopB Such a career diplomat in the foreign professional merit-old will be appointed as human resources grew.

OnOK1815NEB[Ky1818NGNXEEVyKbA 1961NOWEB[y1963NWEB[CB Diplomatic status and immunity of diplomats and regulations relating to the treatment 1815 Vienna rules and 1818 in Aix-la-Chapelle the rules stipulated in the foundation, the 1961 Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations and the 1963 Vienna Convention on Consular Relations Is made by today.

[ W ] O diplomatic immunity

OQ Details of the diplomatic immunity see

OAC\IsmA @gsNiSj^B Diplomats in the efficient implementation of the mission to ensure that international law by the inviolability of the body (not arrested) and exempt from the jurisdiction and has been given the privilege. eAgAB The contents of the privileged, or embassy employees, depending on whether consular staff. OB The diplomatic privileges. YQB For more information see the appropriate section.

[ W ] Conditions

OAOgcB Diplomats, belong to the diplomatic mission. OFAhOhijfAi AO} jKvB To be recognized as a diplomat, who sent the country to send a diplomat as a host country (to accept) countries in approaching an agreement (agrement) need to be enacted. AO}YOFAh\A OB If you made an agrement is true in the host country are recognized as a diplomat, sent a representative to the country will be treated as a negotiating partner, and diplomatic immunity to enjoys. OfA y\iEmEO[^sAOB From the host nation as a diplomat and the deal was not a case, Persona Non-GURATA to notice, and lose its position as a diplomat. y\iEmEO[^OiCOjiCjB Persona non-GURATA advance notice (before hiring), ex-post (in hiring), but good.

[ W ] {Ox Japanese diplomats system

[ W ] O the type of diplomat

OK@A{OuOu@vAu O@ via27N@41jyuOEvia27NO7jB The type of diplomat customary international law is the principle of a Japanese diplomat also governed the name of the "Law on the Establishment of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs," "Foreign Civil Service Law" (Law No. 41 No. 1952) and "Foreign Affairs The name of the ministerial ordinance concerning public officials "(1952 Foreign Ministerial Ordinance No. 7) are determined by the following. AAQ`OxAObuXKvFAs]AyOfp vAOE iO jB However, official measures to guard diplomatic missions abroad for the government, Minister of Foreign Affairs "for the convenience of the public finds necessary if the international practices in accordance with Article and the second third of the public set forth in Article One or two names Or more may order the use of "and is currently before the war was the official name of a formal name or title is not official (the official name of the official Foreign Office official). AOCgAgAAQAgAgAAQAVIEB Therefore, the new post of foreign ambassadors, ministers, the consul general, who was Vice President, and the ambassador to return to the country, the minister, the consul general, to be a counselor, courtesy of these may be referred to as Title . AOVA{Eiuvi g A [JN jB In addition, diplomatic courtesy, even further from its original position on the "name of the public" may be allowed to give (the name ambassadors, local ranking).

Sg Ambassador extraordinary and plenipotentiary
Sg Envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary
OgBTARU legation head of foreign diplomatic missions. AA{gSgiAASEgANlpiOAgio[2PugvjB However, all of the Japanese legation was upgraded to the embassy, the embassy of the world, the annual number of the top people are using this name (the other, No. 2 is simply the embassy, "minister "). {ggSgAl[e[VNXB Usually the Japanese Embassy in the power of the special envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary, but not all countries or personnel changes from year to year depending on the rotation.
Q Counselor
L i`OLEOj Secretary (Secretary of first-class diplomat -)
O]EB Mainly engaged in foreign affairs officials. AOA gzwCsOpB The diplomat, the embassy and was assigned to carry out language training to use only the young diplomat.
iEEEj Consular officer (consul, vice consul general consul Vice-Consul)
]EB Consular staff primarily engaged in office. ApOOB This in the name of the Consul General of the use of foreignTARU Consulate General is the only head of the diplomatic mission. AA zwCsOpB The Vice-Consul, Consulate language training and was assigned to make use of only the young diplomat.
i`OEj Executive Director (Deputy Director for first-class directors - three directors and officers)
OA]EB Directly related mainly to foreign consular office employees work. AAOOB However, other than the current three officers and directors are virtually nonexistent.
OL Foreign Secretary
OAOAI]EB Foreign Affairs and consular or diplomatic consular affairs directly related to the business office of the general staff engaged in aid work. AAB However, that does not exist now.
dMi`OdMEdMj Telegraph officer (first class officers to telegraph wire and three assistant)
dMgdCM]EB Mainly telegraph or decoding of the Assembly or employees to engage in telecom business. AAudMvpOEAdMSuLvuvpB However, now, "telegraph officer" ordered the use of nominal is not a Foreign Ministry official, the officer in charge of the telegraph, "secretary" or "consular" to the use of the name. A2004Ni16NjNCEEOdMSB In addition, 2004 was a member suicide Consulate General in Shanghai killed himself in foreign affairs consular officer is in charge of the telegraph.
i`OEj Interpreter (such as first-class interpreter interpreter to complement three)
]EB Mainly interpreters to clerical staff engaged. AAuvpOEAwGESB However, now, "interpreter" and ordered the use of nominal is not a Foreign Ministry official, the preeminent English-language interpreter from time to time staff are in charge.
|i`O|E|j Translation Officer (first class officers - three translators and translation assistant)
|]EB Mainly translation engaged in clerical staff. AAu|vpOEA|wGESB However, now, "official translation" and ordered the use of nominal is not a Foreign Ministry official, the preeminent English-language translation from time to time staff are in charge.
hq Defense resident official
OB The foreign resident military equivalent. OAhq]EB Working in diplomatic missions abroad, primarily defense officials engaged in related business. ASECEqoq iNXjAqgyOgLCB In fact, all the land and sea-air Self-Defense Forces officers on loan from the government of self-defense (mainly field grade class), and status as a self-defense and foreign affairs officials as an official identity to be appointed at once. qKAqpA VA pB Director of self-defense as a class nominal, defense officials wear a uniform and ceremonial swordKI, fourragere to wear. hqSqA OogoiA@qjB All of this defense resident official has been dominated by defense officials, the Foreign Ministry and other ministries come from a loan from any person not (the letter of the law on the SDF members are not limited to). Q ALpB In addition to the usual counselor, the secretary also used the name of.
Physician's
OA]EB Working in diplomatic missions abroad, principally engaged in business related to medical staff. OWtpAQpB The Foreign Ministry has recruited doctors to use a name, usually in addition to the counselor at the same time using the name.
Ox Director for patrol missions abroad
Ox]EB About foreign affairs Mainly engaged in missions to patrol officers. x@EqECEoCB Police officers self-defense maritime safety official or agency staff will be seconded to the appointment. uLvuvpB In addition to the usual "secretary" or "consular" the name used at the same time.

A This in

  • gAgAF Ob\otCA VcFi F jB Ambassadors, ministers and consuls: Foreign Minister Shen out of the cabinetCthe emperor to authorize it (certifying officer).
  • QALAAOLOEFObCB Counselor, Secretary, Board officials, including Secretary of Foreign Affairs of the diplomatic staff:CMinister of Foreign Affairs.
  • OEiZpKvO]BjFObOCB Foreign staff (requires special technology to engage in diplomatic and consular affairs.): Foreign Minister of Foreign Affairs shall be specified by ministerial decree on the appointment.

[ W ] p adopted

OI i12NOI A QjOEAIIIiOEIB Most diplomats, civil servants I kind of national test (until 2000 I kind of testing foreign public officials, civil-service exam reference section) and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs professional staff testing, and pass a national exam III species to the Ministry of Foreign Affairs has joined Elected officials. OogOuLAOvAO{EAgCB The former diplomat, who profane the "career diplomat" and the designation of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and{Many of the executives, primarily the so-called superpower resident ambassador here and is appointed by little. AogyoCOlumLAOvAhi{EgOoIi LAQjB On the other hand, the latter from the same background and who is appointed by the diplomat as well as "non-career diplomats," with that designation, many of them as the world{a few of the executives and Small countries such as resident ambassador to the end of his career as a diplomat to be (career See also the section).

AOIggwologCB However, some exceptions to the ambassador and minister of the private sector and academics and those from other government agencies may be appointed. LeoA Oxx@EhqEECoACB The secretary seconded from the ministries of the government measures to guard diplomatic missions abroad and the Police Department of Defense agency Coast Guard worker from, respectively, may be appointed.

[ W ] treatment

{OAOKvo[i^jijxA17Nxz25671887000~\ZvB Japan to diplomats, foreign diplomatic missions working in order to pay for necessary expenses (in addition to normal salary) resident allowance (tax free) is paid, in fiscal year 2005 totaled 25.6 billion 71,887,000 yen The budget has been earmarked. x3,000lilPz856~jB That payment will be about 3,000 (the amount of per-capita average of about 856 million yen).

[ W ] {LO famous Japanese diplomat

[ W ] A See also

[ W ] r Footnotes

  1. ^JG[wOk@xiTC}oEA1980NA128y[Wj ^ Carriere by the diplomatic negotiation process, Translated by Masataka Sakano (Simul publishing world, in 1980, 128 pages)
  2. ^[Q\[@wwxaAioA1986Nj547y[W550y[WQ ^ Morgenthau, political science, the International Peace Research Institute modern translation, (Fukumura Publishing, 1986) 547 pages, see page 550
  3. ^@wOxiwoA1971Nj58y[W ^ Masataka Sakano, an analysis of the contemporary diplomacy (The University Press, 1971) Page 58

[ W ] Ql References

[ W ] ON External links


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