Torpedo

oT: t[STwEBLyfBAiWikipediajx Source: Wikipedia The Free Encyclopedia (Wikipedia),

Torpedo tube

AJCRMK-46 U.S. Navy MK-46 torpedo launcher

ijA `AeGWXN[gAADjIB Torpedo (torpedo) is the abbreviation of torpedo-shaped fish, the combination of screw and high-speed engines in the nose, move the water, weapons and aim to be destroyed by the explosion and the vessels collided. DijAWZ^AsDB To destroy the torpedo under the draft of the vessel, a lot of the goals of the flooding, and take away energy. vE]AZgps\AjERxA_[W^BRANAKU until it capsized and sank in the example, the inability to use the compartment flooded, and slow down the hole and fracture resistance, damage.

A A A m A @^pB Submarine diving, boat torpedo, submarine destroyer, cruiser, will operate the systems and torpedo bomber. U~TCAUAvAAgpB Ship as a weapon against the many attacks that way to get to the missile-to-ship, the torpedo will be the main weapon against the submarine, one of the main weapons in submarines today, ship-to-point used as a weapon in front-line submarine.

[ W ] dg mechanism of the torpedo

JMAZpAh@oB The initial development of the torpedo is low reliability, many technical improvements have been made to increase the hit rate, or the defenseMIoSA way. PWCUAioB Early torpedo gyro guidance is simple, it could only go straight. A1{IiADW1-2{ARW4-6{jB To compensate for the low hit rate, what was a generally a fan of the book launch to hit even with a multiple (typically, the merchant marine to the target and slow it 1-2, and warships for the 4-6 goal was a fast firing).

@B The launch of a torpedo in several ways. pACoB The submarine used in the torpedo tube, the high-pressure injection of air or water pressure. ^\i`1950NjADDJIArI\DwB Era submarine exercise performance was low (up to around 1950), it was common to keep a fire in the bow and stern tubes, but now relatively better performance of the bow of the submarine is only fired Most pipe is equipped with. ^bijitimAjupIAB The large surface ship deck (for a battleship) or near the waterline (cruiser, in the case of submarines) are generally used to set up a torpedo tube, the vessel is equipped with a few of the launch tube water . PT{[glbB The torpedo boat PT boat was likeget back on the deck or from the side. @AXbN~TCepP[XADASHlq@p_UA@B Case and used as part of a torpedo warhead missiles ASUROKKU as other methods of surface ship-launched, DASH is also how to transport a torpedo dropped to the point of using unmanned aircraft. OWADuU@B This can have a look through and previous anti-submarine weapons development, it is a way to drop freely from the position of the torpedo vessel. q@AP@AUpV[gP[XB The launch of the aircraft is primarily just a way to fall, in some cases for the torpedo to a parachute drop.

}A \i[AGB Today's torpedo have been produced with the intention of the antisubmarine warfare, a built-in sonar, the main issue is to follow the sound of the enemy ship. ApC[At@Co[DMAGULU^B The control wire from the base of the torpedo, and maintaining communications to pull the fiber vessels, or even wire-guided torpedo-firing can be induced from the shadow in the midst of the enemy.

NAi|vWFbgpoA60 mbgB To torpedo the recent years, there has also adopted a jet pump to the propeller, the speed of some 60 cases over the knots. X[p[Lre[Vp200mbgBVN@B Using a phenomenon called 200 SUPAKYABITESHON also have a special torpedo like SHIKUVARU reach the knots.

[ W ] j History

JAD@gqAGDB Development of the torpedo, and towing a mine in the ship is the first attempt to BUTSUKEYOU the enemy ship. HwCRhqw}V[E}E[(Matthew Fontaine Maury)A kdrAB Matthew directed MAURI admiral of the navy to defend the south coast is renowned as a scholar channel (Matthew Fontaine Maury), fabricated a torpedo to the power the battery during the Civil War, to get a satisfactory result can be no.

LiA I[XgAEnK[ZpmCEsX-L(Ivan Lupis-Vukić)vB Self-propelled torpedo valid the first time, the officer Ivan RUPISU former Austria-Hungary and Technology - VUYUKI (Ivan Lupis-Vukić) is designed. 1860NI[XgActcE[[t1GJ`IB 1860 Josef Emperor Franz of Austria was to be demonstrated at the port city of Rijeka in the world. 1864NsXgGXeI[XgACRvQo[gEzCgwbh(Robert Whitehead)A 1866N 1221EAMinenschiffB 1864 RUPISU the year is head Robert White attended the Navy's plan to Trieste in Austria at that time (Robert Whitehead) for help, 1866 December 21 torpedo the first day in the world, Minenschiff finished.

{xAGJYHB After a successful get help from the government, which launched a military factory for the production of a torpedo in Rijeka. 1870N1000[h(914m)A6mbgYB 1870 to the year 1000 yards (914m) and over the range, began to be mass-produced a torpedo with a speed of knots. 1881N10JAoB This torpedo is 1881 the year has been exported to 10 countries or more. kCOZjgZ[XRB Power and had burned a nitrocellulose or compressed air and glycerin. zCgwbhA 1876N18mbgA 1886N24mbgA 1890N30mbgxBB Whitehead continue to make improvements, 1876 to the year 18 knots, 1886 to the year 24 knots, 1890, the year of torpedo speed to 30 knots is reached. gpRA23mbgoA^xxAB Qing warships used in the war, the same time so much, but it was at 23 knots the fastest ship, the movement for many naval fleet is slow runner up to the speed limit, to avoid the torpedo is was difficult.

AC^@^pAWA[^[{[gD^\LB Torpedo, the machine can be operated in a small fire than artillery, so you can hit a target without a lot of explosives, was capable of a battleship to sink a large ship like a motorboat. Ap1870NA^JB Therefore, the practical application in the 1870's torpedo, torpedo boat has been developed as a small boat with a torpedo. ^AUsB Closely in the torpedo boat is a large ship, the torpedo attack.

q@AEgpJnAEUiLpB The torpedo will be dropped from aircraft, using the start of the actual fighting in World War I, during World War II is now widely used as a means of attack against the destroyer. AEAhE~TCpAUipB However, after World War II, by the practical long-range anti-ship missile torpedo and faster improvements in air defense of naval firepower, as a means of attack against the ship was almost out of use. Aq@AUAUipB Currently, the torpedo being dropped from aircraft, torpedo and is used as a means to attack the submarine.

[ W ] {CR Japanese Navy torpedo and

_WV^ Type 1Vare displayed in the Yasukuni Shrine

a~[WAW Torpedo 59 expression is exhibited at the Museum Yamato

CqPA I{CCA{CRLpA\JB and the night raid Cq by a torpedo boat in the Sino-Japanese War, his ship and boat destroyer torpedo in the night battle of the Sea Battle of the Russo-Japanese War, Japan has focused on the Navy's torpedo effectiveness, developing high-performance torpedo focusing on.

1933N ia8NjA{CR_fJEpA EgpB 1933 (1933), Japan's navy and practical development of the torpedo oxygen had been used in the war the Second World. [_[A{CRAGQ^B To generalize the radar, the Navy and Japan are strong in the night battle, he gave a squadron of torpedo damage to the enemy. AJCRdmp~A{CRdmA{CRdB While the abolition of the torpedo tube a heavy cruiser of the Navy in America, cruiser weight of Japan's navy was also equipped with a large number of torpedo tube, showing the importance of naval warfare torpedo Japan. {Rgp_fARyA_DB Oxygen torpedo used by the major Japanese forces in war by the way, the amount of explosive charge compared to torpedo the U.S. military had the upper hand in terms of range. qAFB For almost no wake, that the visibility was difficult. Rulong lanceijvAB U.S. military is "long lance (spear head)", which had been feared.

{CRU@AsGnU^eAGUpB Japan naval attack aircraft, to attack the bases of the enemy airfield and other large bombs, to attack the enemy ship's crew had to use a torpedo. ~bhEF[CA _AU@GnUpeAGG@PAi[eUB In the Battle of Midway, the aircraft carrier fleet_, was equipped with a bomb in for attacking enemy bases to attack aircraft, the aircraft was hit by an enemy torpedo is in transit to find the enemy fleet, and bombs in the hangar sympathetic detonation of the torpedo. {CR4At]B The Japanese Navy lost four aircraft carriers the ships, which led to the war situation reversed. AeA1B However, this is only when the bomb hit, one torpedo hit and not even from.

^cAlUAGDl u V vUJB The end of the war are set to torpedo a large cockpit, the crew members to induce human body human suicide torpedo boats to enemy ship "V" was developed as a suicide weapon. C^AlAeWuEo^p@AlOB Was made by a torpedo man aboard, but also in Italy by the way, here is a way of managing to escape after the installation on board the vessel to the bottom of the target warhead, the name of the torpedo human body, even if one is Not.

R\B Early torpedo war had U.S. troops often do not explode as it hit a bad performance. CRp~DO}A1943N724AsADhgbNgqB Figure 3the whaling mother ship of the Navy recruitment, 1943 July 24 torpedo was a large number of U.S. submarines, most of unexploded, has been towed to the island while truck strike home the torpedo to the hull . hl@ ijAu@DvBSHITA@hair like the hair stick to strike home that the torpedo (OIRAN) it was like, "@ship," he said. AJRs_TNT1.5{jgybNXpA{DQ^B U.S. forces will end the war but has overcome the shortcomings of the unexploded bomb of TNT explosives and the use of torpedo 1.5 TORUPEKKUSU times the destructive power that, given the damage to the vessels of Japan.

{AIbglGGN\lA@dC[^[gpAx30mbgAZAIgpAB In Japan, designed the structure to detonate the torpedo of submarine bottom side in contact with the enemy ship is a floating floating pull kiteflying like to ship small explosion at the bottom of the armor on a trial basis, institutions not only as an electric motor, the speed is limited to 30 knots for a short range, in the actual game was only used on a trial basis, has become the.

[ W ] a type and diameter of the torpedo

tXCRArgonaute The Navy's torpedo tube Argonaute France

I[XgACRglXMark 48 Ness Toro Australia from the Navy test-fired Mark 48 torpedo

I2B The major purpose of the modern torpedo is classified into two types. Up^EAidjB One of the torpedo is a long-range antiship attacks primarily for large, torpedo length (heavy torpedo) called. Up^EZAZiyjB Another is a small short-range torpedo attacks against submarines, torpedo short (torpedo light) is called. ~TCBApAppB The development of long torpedo-ship missiles and reduce the number, except for some with submarine, surface ship and for those not already used. ZAEq@B Mainstream of the modern torpedo torpedo short, to be mounted on aircraft and surface ship. ZUAUwZB Torpedo is a short-guided weapons, sometimes called a torpedo torpedo points short.

aAeAydeACaldvB The diameter of the torpedo is connected directly to the size of the internal volume, because of the explosive charge weight and range of affect, was as important as the gun bore. aCNXpB The diameter of the torpedo is a gun is used in the placement of the torpedo. SAdAvfeB Length, weight and other factors will affect each other. q@^AddvA_xeB If the torpedo-firing aircraft, weight is important, would affect the rate of fire and the like. NvJW^pbP[WgpB Auxiliary torpedo torpedo at the design of recent years have typically been used actively in the collective package. s@uo[WB Will vary depending on the version of the device and launch aircraft. `W^un}B Promote the efficient form of weapon system is in focus and the ease in handling and transport standards. ^s^pLB Get the edge on execution and operational efficiency of transport.

IaB The diameter of the torpedo and several general are as follows. : :

• 324 mm i12.75C` jIZB 324 mm (12.75 inches) is the most common short torpedo.
• 406 mm i16 C`j\rGgASWgpB 406 mm (16 inches) in the early Soviet ASW was used in the torpedo. GR[f^B The Delta-class submarine built in the early and echo level. 21C`tB Was added to 21-inch torpedo tube.
• 450 mm i17.7 C`j{CRWB 450 mm (17.7 inches) was the standard in the Imperial Japanese Navy. 2EC^ACRgpB The Navy has been used in Italy during World War II. @gpB Used in the torpedo bomber. X18C`B Sometimes the newer 18 inch.
• 483 mm i19 C`jAJCRUMark 24 FIDO pB 483 mm (19 inch) torpedo is the first U.S. Navy Mark 24 FIDO was used in the torpedo.
• 533 mm i21 C`j2EdWITCYB 533 mm (21 inches) a second standard size of heavy torpedo in World War II. : Include the following:
  • 2E The second torpedo in World War
  • {CR Imperial Japanese Navy submarines
  • hCcCR Germany's Navy torpedo
  • NATO NATO's torpedo
  • \AVAAASW^B Russia and the Soviet torpedo some, ASW-even.
• 610 mm i24 C`jA93i'OX'j{CRmgpAV^B 610 mm (24 inch) torpedo, the formula adopted types is 93 ( 'RONGURANSU') is used on Navy cruisers and destroyers of the old Japan, and also became a prototype ofV.
• 650 mm i25.6C`jVACRaB 650 mm (about 25.6 inches) in diameter is the largest of the Russian Navy torpedo. ^Cv65\I`B Type 65 torpedo is the typical form. 533mm^650mmB 533mm-650mm would be added to the launching tube.

TCY660 mm i26C`jA 762 mm i30 C`j916 mm i 36C`jqB The other torpedo-size 660 mm (26 inches), 762 mm (30 inches) and 916 mm (about 36 inches) is mounted on a nuclear submarine in the multiple. aX^_[h21^dq~TCB These torpedo tube for standard 21-inch, large diameter of the launch of cruise missiles as well as heavy-torpedo.

[ W ] Up Strategy and guidance

1944N 217 A gbNU{RAD 1944 February 17, the ship of the Japanese army under the torpedo attack on Truk

uAgeAI^iB Since the early torpedoTANAKATTA controls, and more affected by tidal waves, MAMANARANAKATTA even go straight to the desired direction. qZAWvB There is a short distance to travel on leg, in order to hit the fire required to be close to the goal as possible.

EA[xAxAiH\uJB And when the First World War, depth, speed, the device was developed that allows the adjustment of the course. xAWIAqsDUW\B Improves the accuracy, and can fire a torpedoagainst multiple targets, and it has become possible to target the long-distance cruising vessels.

[xu Depth adjuster

[xuB Equipment to maintain a constant depth. geA[GB To be too much affected by the shallow waves, but through the enemy ship is too deep.

xu Speed regulator

xuB Equipment to be adjusted to a constant speed. b[gimAqsWIu\\B Can be set precisely in seconds or meters what was to be expected to shoot up a future position of the torpedo to the target vessels.

u Automatic steering system

WCRpXAAOWCRpXAOisRpXwIioB In conjunction with the gyro-compass, and you set the orientation before firing the gyrocompass, the rudder control to automatically turn off to head to the compass direction to indicate the direction of the disturbance off the torpedo now we can go straight.

MB This section is being written. MA B Touch, we want to help to correctSARU.

[ W ] e warhead

eepJB The torpedo warheads were equipped with explosives in the torpedo was developed for each country. oupXWjB Torpedo and depth charge to destroy a target by the bubble pulses generated by underwater explosion. ACgpgpB Therefore, the explosive used in the air is being used by different components. MGMACMiDNA EDjjgpB More inspiration for the fuse of the fuse, the fuse for the magnetic-surface ship (and in the immediate initiation of the vessel regardless of the hit and destroyed the bottom keel) which are also used.

CMX United Kingdom

g[ybNX TOPEKKUSU

AJ U.S.

HBX HBX explosives

PBXN-103 PBXN-103

PBXN-111 PBXN-111

{ Japan

Explosive formula 79

hCc Germany

[ W ] i@\ Organization

[ W ] torpedo running cold

iR@B The torpedo does not have an internal combustion engine to the propulsion system. nB First stage of the scheme.

[ W ] kC Compressed air

nikC ( compressed air )pB One of the compressed air system to promote success during n (Compressed Air) can include using. kC2.55MpaACsXgGW1@XN[100]B 2.55Mpa compressed air is stored in the piston engine in the air to send a minute of the screw of the rotating machine 100. 180mx6.5mbgi12kmjiB 180m average speed of about 6.5 knots (the speed of 12km) was promoted. 1906NWhitehead1000miAx35mbgi64kmjBB In 1906 Whitehead torpedo was made to promote the 1000m, the average speed of 35 knots (speed 64km) to reach. CcMDA@ACggB Around half of heat and high pressure air to expand the agency to freeze a problem, solved by using a warm salt water. \B Led to the performance improves as a result.

[ W ] C Steam

AR[(G`AR[A`AR[)kCCiB Alcohol (ethyl alcohol first, after the methyl alcohol) and propulsion system to generate steam and compressed air. kCrXs[hAqfbgB Speed in comparison with only compressed air is increased, the disadvantages that would clear the track. ^[1]AR[OA_fCp@^[@JB ^[1] In addition to alcohol, have been developed to the torpedo-Walter organizations to use the steam generated by the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide.

[ W ] M heated torpedo

R@isB Torpedo propulsion systems for internal combustion engines do. 1904NJnB Since development began in 1904.

[ W ] EFbgq[^[ Heating and wet

RMpApCGWip@oB Was cooled with water and heat generated by combustion, found a way to promote use of the steam engine was sent in the process of cooling. CpEFbgq[^[ACp`hCq[^[B Using the steam torpedo, called the wet-heating, steam-less format is called a dry-heating. EFbgq[^[EEgpB Formula wet torpedo heater was used during World War II from the First World War.

[ W ] k_f Compressed oxygen

u _f vQ See "oxygen torpedo" the

RGWRiqAR_eB Range of the torpedo to promote fuel-burning engines are also a great influence on the weight of the oxidizer and fuel. _f_AkCp`Rsvfi_f21%xjA_fk_B When oxygen and oxidants, in the form of compressed air using the old number because it contains unnecessary and nitrogen in the combustion (about 21% oxygen), more by compressing the only pure oxygen were discussed with the oxidizer. nfRroA qbgARRg[AepB Because the emissions after the combustion of nitrogen less soluble in water, but also get the benefits that make it harder to see the trail, for many difficult to control the explosion of the combustion, the country was having a hard practical.

1933N{ACRJnAX_fZJAEpB Japan in the year 1933, first started firing in the air, and gradually developed a technique to switch to the oxygen in the practical application of the first in the world. JOiAAJOj\EOXj40kmqB Equation 39 torpedo was developed at this time (after the war was a long spear RONGURANSU nickname and history of the United States by the Morrison house) once a range of up to 40km long.

[ W ] dC electric torpedo

EhCcdrG7eJB Germany is the first battery-powered torpedo in World War II G7e development. ]^MG7aZAxxAqAbgB Torpedo conventional heating G7a shorter range than the slow speed, no wake, had the advantage of being cheap. A[d\~drAgpOpvA\KxxKvB However, rechargeable lead-acid battery is weak to shock, required frequent maintenance before use, and to maximize the performance had to be moderately high temperature in advance. gdrgpfiG7epjJB Experimental models used disposable batteries (G7ep) has been developed.

}[N24DM2dCiKvANn\_drgpB Mark 24 and torpedo DM2-propelled torpedo of electric current without the need to improve, using a silver oxide battery does not degrade the performance and storage over the years. drdnZgpB Have items that use the molten salt electrolyte of the battery.

[ W ] i@ How to promote modern

dCAKX^[riCMXX[p[tBbV jAmvygB Electricity, gas turbine (torpedo SUPAFISSHU the United Kingdom), there are a variety of goods and PUROPERANTO. AJOV^Mk.50 oN[_A Ztb`EwKXTCNEC@pB One of the latest model of the United States torpedo Mk.50 barracuda, is a steam engine used by closed-cycle gas generated by chemical reaction of lithium and sulfur hexafluoride.

VAVN@hCcoN[_X[p[Lre[V200mbg(370km)xoB Barracuda in Germany and SHIKUVARU of Russia by SUPAKYABITESHON 200 knots (the speed of 370km) to bring more speed. AX[p[Lre[Vp}[N46x28mbg(52km)B The alternative SUPAKYABITESHON Mark 46 torpedo speed is 28 knots (the speed of 52km).

MB This section is being written. MA B Touch, we want to help to correctSARU.

[ W ] v Example syllabus

AJMk48/ADCAP U.S. torpedo Mk48/ADCAP

• SF5.79m Overall length: 5.79m
• aF533mm Diameter: 533mm
• LU10nmA20nmAG30nm Wire-guided 10nm, tracking range 20nm, a range of 30nmG
• dF1,662.75kg Weight: 1,662.75 kg
• eF292.5kg\ Warhead: 292.5kg high explosives
• F50kt Maximum speed: 50kt over
• iF|vWFbg Propeller: jet pump
• pF1988N Employment: 1988

[ W ] eCR list of naval torpedo countries

u vQ See "List torpedo" the

[ W ] `[tLN^[ Character motifs and a torpedo

• K[ i {{{[{E{[{{ j Girl torpedo (BOBOBO BOBOBOBO)
• g[s[h i }IV[Y j Torpedo (Mario Series)

[ W ] A See also

• CR Navy
• Submarine
• \i[ SONAR
• Torpedo tube
• Depth charge
• @ Mine
• _f Oxygen torpedo
• l Human torpedo
• Torpedo boat
• PT{[g PT boat
• oupX - oupXjpB Pulse bubble - in which the torpedo is destroyed by the shock and bubble pulse from the explosion.
• q F SFA FDnCqCDAoB Torpedo photon: SF in the subject, but if you compare the ship to sail the sea on the planet to the spacecraft, when it appeared as a weapon. \IiA X^[gbNB As a representative work, and Trek have started.

[ W ] oT Source

1. ^ Blair, p.30-1. ^ Blair, p.30-1.

• Blair, Clay. Silent Victory . Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1975. Blair, Clay. Silent Victory. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1975.
• Milford, Frederick J. "US Navy Torpedoes: Part One--Torpedoes through the Thirties". The Submarine Review , April 1996. {quarterly publication of the Naval Submarine League, PO Box 1146, Annandale, VA, 22003) Milford, Frederick J. "US Navy Torpedoes: Part One - Torpedoes through the Thirties". The Submarine Review, April 1996. (Quarterly publication of the Naval Submarine League, PO Box 1146, Annandale, VA, 22003)
• _______. "US Navy Torpedoes: Part Two--The Great Torpedo Scandal, 1941-43". The Submarine Review , October 1996. _______. "US Navy Torpedoes: Part Two - The Great Torpedo Scandal, 1941-43". The Submarine Review, October 1996.
• _______. "US Navy Torpedoes: Part Three--WW II development of conventional torpedoes 1940-1946". The Submarine Review , January 1997. _______. "US Navy Torpedoes: Part Three - WW II development of conventional torpedoes 1940-1946". The Submarine Review, January 1997.
• The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, online. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition, online.
• O'Kane, Richard H. (1987). "Seventh Patrol", Wahoo: The Patrols of America's Most Famous World War II Submarine . Novato, California: Presidio Press. O'Kane, Richard H. (1987). "Seventh Patrol", Wahoo: The Patrols of America's Most Famous World War II Submarine. Novato, California: Presidio Press.
• Perry, Milton F. "Infernal Machines: The story of Confederate submarine and mine warfare." Louisiana State University Press, 1985. Perry, Milton F. "Infernal Machines: The story of Confederate submarine and mine warfare." Louisiana State University Press, 1985.
• Crowley, RO "Confederate Torpedo Service" in The Century / Volume 56, Issue 2, The Century Company , New York, June 1898. Crowley, RO "Confederate Torpedo Service" in The Century / Volume 56, Issue 2, The Century Company, New York, June 1898.

[ W ] N Links

• Swedish Bofors 'Torpedo 2000' promo video Swedish Bofors' Torpedo 2000 'promo video
• Modern Torpedoes And Countermeasures [1] Modern Torpedoes And Countermeasures [1]
• US Navy torpedo data cut and pasted from a Navy Fact File U.S. Navy Torpedo data Cut and pasted from a Navy Fact File
• A slightly more recent writeup on the Mk-48 is available at a SSBN 624 web site by Clwyd A slightly More Recent writeup on The Mk-48 is available at a SSBN 624 web Site by Clwyd
• Early History of the Torpedo Torpedo History Early History of The Torpedo Torpedo History
• US Naval Undersea Museum Torpedo Display U.S. Naval Undersea Museum Display Torpedo
• US Naval Undersea Museum Torpedo Collection U.S. Naval Undersea Museum Collection Torpedo
• Super Cavitation Torpedo 'Barracuda' [2] Super Cavitation Torpedo 'Barracuda' [2]

Lu vAEAB The "torpedo" is written on items related to weapons of weapons. ME i R|[^ | RPJ jB Are looking for collaboratorsSARU and corrections to the touch (military portal | Military PJ).